Table 36.--Clays sold or used by producers in the United States1/ in 1988, by kind and use (Metric tons) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Fire clay Ball Common clay (refractory Fuller's Use clay Bentonite and shale only) earth Kaolin Total ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Absorbents: Oil and grease---------------- -- W W -- 341,452 -- 341,452 Pet waste absorbents---------- -- W W -- 1,005,021 -- 1,005,021 Other2/----------------------- -- 176,345 145,072 -- 18,035 -- 339,451 Ceramics and glass: Catalysts (oil-refining)------ -- 12,053 -- -- -- 108,499 120,552 Crockery and other earthenware------------------ -- -- W 9,222 -- 4,624 13,846 Electrical porcelain---------- 28,717 -- 34 -- -- 14,951 43,702 Fine china and dinnerware----- 4,701 -- -- -- -- 48,357 53,058 Glazes, glass, and enamels---- -- -- -- -- -- 2,499 2,499 Mineral wool, insulation, and fiberglass------------------- W W 36,931 -- -- 461,073 498,004 Pottery----------------------- 243,504 24,425 65,188 -- 1,602 29,587 364,306 Roofing granules-------------- -- -- -- -- -- 10,239 10,239 Sanitaryware------------------ 170,859 -- -- 5,291 -- 24,355 200,505 Other2/----------------------- 72,660 W W 79 -- 57,055 129,794 Chemical manufacturing---------- -- -- -- -- -- 211,941 211,941 Civil engineering and sealing--- -- 110,917 107,712 505 136,078 76,517 431,729 Drilling mud-------------------- -- 840,109 -- -- 32,947 1,054 874,110 Fillers, extenders, and binders: Adhesives--------------------- -- 4,452 2,722 -- 210 53,205 60,589 Animal feed------------------- W 109,079 W -- W 4,472 113,551 Fertilizers------------------- -- W -- -- 49,409 4,932 54,341 Gypsum products and wallboard- W -- -- -- 20,369 12,882 33,251 Ink--------------------------- -- W -- -- -- 2,262 2,262 Medical, pharmaceutical, cosmetic--------------------- -- 10,570 -- -- 975 3,288 14,832 Paint------------------------- -- W -- -- 18,102 294,350 312,452 Paper coating----------------- -- -- -- -- -- 2,483,325 2,483,325 Paper filling----------------- -- W -- -- -- 1,479,822 1,479,822 Pesticides and related products--------------------- W 6,665 3,993 -- 181,807 55,601 248,066 Plastics---------------------- -- W 4,607 -- W 55,639 60,246 Rubber------------------------ W W -- W -- 203,388 203,388 Other2/----------------------- 132,593 16,933 77,644 W 21,518 189,000 437,688 Filtering, clarifying, and decolorizing: Animal oils, mineral oils and greases, and vegetable oils-- -- 69,524 -- -- 18,831 583 88,939 Desiccants-------------------- -- W -- -- -- -- W Floor and wall tile: Ceramic----------------------- 106,098 -- 261,968 -- -- 18,283 386,349 Quarry tile------------------- W -- 102,320 -- -- -- 102,320 Other2/----------------------- 25,688 11 -- -- -- 20,798 46,497 Heavy clay products: Brick, extruded--------------- W W 11,477,845 22,833 -- 267,688 11,768,366 Brick, other------------------ -- -- 3,241,713 12,634 -- 104,554 3,358,901 Drain tile-------------------- -- -- 105,014 -- -- -- 105,014 Flower pots------------------- -- -- 19,924 -- -- -- 19,924 Flue linings------------------ -- -- 47,543 18,525 -- 6,350 72,418 Portland and other cements---- -- 18,843 7,347,169 -- 29,942 201,012 7,596,966 Roofing tile------------------ -- W 82,465 -- 178 -- 82,643 Sewer pipe, vitrified--------- -- -- 372,283 3,848 -- 6,495 382,627 Structural tile--------------- -- -- 84,300 -- -- -- 84,300 Terra cotta------------------- -- -- 7,408 W -- -- 7,408 Other2/----------------------- W 7,324 1,253,516 2,619 -- 18,468 1,281,927 Lightweight aggregate: Concrete block---------------- -- -- 2,319,762 -- -- -- 2,319,762 Highway surfacing------------- -- -- 851,004 -- -- -- 851,004 Structural concrete----------- -- W 475,021 -- -- -- 475,021 Other2/----------------------- -- 4,865 163,293 -- -- -- 168,159 Pelletizing (iron ore)---------- -- 405,279 80,391 -- -- -- 485,670 -------------------------------- See footnotes at end of table. Table 36.--Clays sold or used by producers in the United States1/ in 1988, by kind and use--Continued (Metric tons) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Fire clay Ball Common clay (refractory Fuller's Use clay Bentonite and shale only) earth Kaolin Total ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Refractories: Firebrick, blocks, and shapes- W W 121,067 439,289 -- 156,729 717,084 Foundry sand------------------ -- 698,698 1,814 85,925 -- 585 787,022 Grogs and calcines------------ -- -- -- 106,060 -- 593,494 699,554 High-alumina brick and specialties------------------ 26,695 -- -- 67,958 -- 17,053 111,706 Kiln furniture---------------- -- W 2,803 -- -- 6,056 8,860 Mortar and cement, refractory- -- -- 182,389 -- -- -- 182,389 Other2/----------------------- W 18,837 -- 5,698 -- 29,439 53,974 Other3/------------------------- 40,255 20,824 2,119 5,717 15,328 7,295 91,537 Exports------------------------- 138,123 315,221 15,587 7,306 81,334 1,625,286 2,182,858 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total4/---------------- 989,893 2,870,971 29,062,619 793,509 1,973,137 8,973,089 44,663,219 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ W Withheld to avoid disclosing company proprietary data; included with "Total" and/or "Other." 1/Includes Puerto Rico. 2/Includes uses indicated by symbol W. 3/Uses not specified. 4/Data may not add to totals shown because of independent rounding.