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Thank you, Gary.
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So today, I'll just talk mostly,
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not about the entire program.
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I think Gary gave a pretty good overview
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of that new water observing system program.
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I'm just gonna focus on this next generation
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water observing system, and what Gary had shown you
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in that first set of slides was a set
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of the new water missionary priorities and how they build,
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so I won't touch any more on that NWIS modernization,
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but basically, that's the foundation of it all.
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So we have to really upgrade our data storage to be able
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to house this next generation type of information.
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Right now, we're pretty limited on what we can store
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in our databases, so we've got to upgrade that,
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and then also the way we deliver our information.
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We've got to get it, we've got to push that out
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more to folks rather than having them
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have to come find our information.
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We've got to get it out to them, so.
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So NWIS modernization is a key piece and it's a key piece
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of the next generation water observing system.
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They're intertwined, so the plan that we've laid out
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to Congress for the next generation water observing system
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includes an NWIS modernization piece,
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and I'll touch on that a bit.
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So I'll just kind of set the stage a bit
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for why this has become a priority for USGS.
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So we've got about 30 million stream reaches in the U.S.
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And currently, we've got about a little
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over 8,200 streamflow gauges
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that monitor streamflow continuously year round.
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So that's 3/100 of 1% of the network of streams in the U.S.
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that we're actually monitoring.
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So in order to be able to utilize that,
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the modern, or actually, in the future,
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the models that will be available for prediction,
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we really don't have the observation data sets currently
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to be able to drive those models.
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We don't have the information to understand, really,
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the uncertainty of those models, of our predictions.
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So, and so as Gary mentioned, the water sub-cabinet
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is really charging USGS with monitoring
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and improving predictions for water across the nation.
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So in order to do that, we've really got
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to increase the ability in our observing network.
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So, and on to add to that, the National Academy Sciences,
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as Gary mentioned, did an analysis
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and gave us some suggestions on where USGS needs to be
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or how we need to inform water science
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over the next 25 years, and part of that,
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I'm just gonna talk about some highlights
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specifically for observing,
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and so these are just some bullets that we really need
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to allow for observations that come from array of sources.
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So not just USGS, which is a slight paradigm shift
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from where we've been in the past.
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We do serve some furnished data
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from some providers, but those data
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have gone through a rigorous USGS quality assurance
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and approving process.
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So they're asking us to rethink the way
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that we serve other people's data
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and that could include citizen science as well.
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So that's something that we're looking at now.
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We need to be more affordable.
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We need to be more efficient,
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so that we can get more data collection
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out on the landscape.
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So what that might mean is that we're gonna be,
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well, it is, we are actually looking
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at some low-cost streamflow sensor technologies.
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There's actually a challenge right now
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with USGS Bureau of Rec
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to look at lower streamflow monitoring alternatives
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in equipment, and so there's a big push right now
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to try to lower the cost of streamflow monitoring.
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So if we're able to do that, we can be more affordable.
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We can get more out on the landscape.
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We also have to be able to be very clear of the metadata
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and the uncertainty associated with the various types
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of information that we serve.
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So if we're serving people who have come to,
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accustomed to the information that USGS serves
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to be of a certain quality, but if we're gonna start
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to serve other agencies' data
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that maybe have a different level of uncertainty,
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then we need to make sure that's clearly conveyed.
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And so what we're trying to do is deliver more information
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that maybe it's fit, give people more opportunities
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to adjust that data for their purpose.
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So fit-for-purpose data, so potentially,
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you don't need the high level of quality
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in the particular streamflow information for your situation,
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and so you don't want to be limited.
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There could be a lot of information that's out there
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that you don't have access to, you don't know about,
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so we want to make those additional data discoverable,
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and be able to be used for fit-for-purposes.
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And the last one is we want to really get
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into continuous measurements and delivery
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of water quality, velocity, different types of parameters
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that we haven't done in the past.
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So let me just talk a little bit
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about what the next generation water observing system is,
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and I'm gonna use the acronym NGWOS
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for the rest of the time, just for ease here.
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So what we want to do, the ultimate goal over on the left
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is support modern water prediction
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and decision support systems.
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So we want to be able to provide the data sets
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that will drive current and future prediction systems.
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So integrated modeling to be able to do a better job
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at predicting water for the nation.
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And how are we gonna do it?
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There at the bottom,
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so we're gonna utilize an integrated set
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of fixed and mobile assets that are in the water,
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on the ground, as well as in the air.
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So typically, we have been more accustomed
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to our instrumentation just being in the water,
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but now we're looking at instrumentation
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that's really above the water,
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and actually in the air, in the sky.
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So we're not limited to the way
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that we've been doing things in the past.
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We're really looking to, as the name says,
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go next generation on the way that we observe.
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And then finally, what type of information
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are we gonna provide?
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Water quantity, quality, and water use data
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to drive those modern prediction systems.
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So there's three main components, I touched on this a bit.
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The first one, the one that I'm gonna focus mainly on,
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is the observing network, the equipment
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and the data delivery systems.
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So what new station, gauging stations?
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What are we gonna be serving?
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What are we gonna be delivering
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at those new gauging stations?
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That's the number one, and probably will, and it does,
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that's the largest portion of the budget
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for NGWOS is that number one.
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Number two is modernization of the USGS data management,
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the infrastructure and data delivery mechanism,
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so that's that NWIS modernization piece,
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and then the last one
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is our Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility.
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So that's a lab facility that we have down
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at Stennis Space Center in Mississippi,
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that does a lot of our quality assurance
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of our instrumentation, does testing of new instrumentation
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of sensors, so for us to go next generation,
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our HIF, we call it, is a critical component of that.
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And so that facility right now is antiquated
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and we are, actually, the lease is running out
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within the next couple of years, so we've got to revamp
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and redesign and move out of that space
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into something different,
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so part of NGWOS is revamping our HIF.
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So what is the design strategy?
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So as I mentioned very, very early on,
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we can't afford to monitor everywhere.
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We have those 30 million stream reaches.
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We can't afford to monitor everywhere.
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So we've got to leverage our resources
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to try to strategically monitor
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so that we can really enhance our model predictions.
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So what are we gonna do?
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We're gonna implement NGWOS, the current plan
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is in about 10 medium-sized watersheds.
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So 10 to 20,000 square mile range.
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So we're gonna try to do that
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in watersheds that are representative
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of larger water resource regions here.
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So these are the 22 major water resource regions in the U.S.
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And so when we're trying to select the basins
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where we want to go in and implement NGWOS,
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we want to have at least one candidate basin
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in each one of these 22 water resource regions.
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Some may have more than one as a potential candidate,
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of course, but we want to be able to come into these basins
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and represent the conditions, the environmental settings
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of many different conditions across the country,
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so that we can try to represent larger areas.
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So we're gonna have, the thought is that we can go
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into a basin that's 10 to 20,000 square miles,
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which, an example of one here is the Delaware River basin,
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which I'll get into in a second.
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So if we go into a basin like the Delaware
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and we instrument it heavily
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with high spatial, high temporal,
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new types of water quality information, and we are able
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to really refine our prediction capability in that basin,
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and we really refine our predictive capability
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and understanding the physical processes
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in a basin like that, then we can expand it
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out to larger basins, were we don't have
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as an intense water monitoring system
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and our models that we've developed now
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that have been refined in these NGWOS basins
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will have a better predictive capability.
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So that's the thought around the NGWOS design strategy
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at this point, and if things go well and we get to the end
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after doing 10, potentially, Congress will say,
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well, let's keep going, let's continue on,
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and there'll be maybe enough stakeholder support and say,
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now I want one in my backyard as well.
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And so but the plan right now is 10 basins
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that we will implement over a course of 10 years,
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and I'll show you that in a second.
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And so when fully implemented,
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NGWOS will also provide high temporal and spatial data
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for real-time field, but also remote sensing data
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on all of these water budget components,
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so we've got snowpack down to streamflow, water quality,
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runoff, soil moisture, urban runoff, water use,
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groundwater and surface water interactions,
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groundwater levels and quality.
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So all of these water budget components,
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NGWOS is gonna try to touch and try to provide new,
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real-time, and remotely sensed information.
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So how can we apply NGWOS?
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What are some practical applications?
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Like I mentioned, we really wanted
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to drive our improved predictive capabilities,
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and we want to be able to also characterize
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and reduce uncertainty, not only in field measurements,
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but also in model prediction.
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So with this additional type of information,
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we'll be able to do that, and then the uncertainty estimates
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from our modeling, our model efforts, and once we know
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where we've got higher uncertainties,
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that can help drive where additional monitoring
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is necessary, so then we can strategically invest
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in additional monitoring in certain areas,
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so if we go, we're in the basin, we're in the NGWOS basin,
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and then we develop those tools,
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and then we take those tools and we expand them
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to larger regions, then we can use those,
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the output of those larger models, the uncertainties,
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we can find out where we have had the most uncertainty
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in our model, and we can target our additional resources
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for monitoring in those strategic locations.
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So what's the question NGWOS can help answer?
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I won't go through all of these,
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but just wanted to give you some examples.
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So what are some of the near and long-term risks of floods
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and droughts and what scenarios change these risks?
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How much water is stored in our seasonal snowpack,
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and how much, how will that change water availability?
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And so, what is the quality of water?
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How does it change during wet and dry periods?
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So this is not exhaustive, but this is just some examples
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of some questions that NGWOS can help answer.
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So here's the plan for NGWOS and the monitoring budget.
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This is only the monitoring piece.
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This doesn't include the NWIS modernization
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or the improvements
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00:13:00.500 --> 00:13:03.533
to the Hydrologic Instrumentation Facility.
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00:13:04.370 --> 00:13:06.800
So you can see, the idea would be to start
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00:13:06.800 --> 00:13:08.720
with watershed one in year one.
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This amount, 7.8 million, would be the cost
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of purchasing the equipment, installing,
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00:13:15.560 --> 00:13:18.310
and getting that network up and running,
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working with stakeholders to find out where we need
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to monitor, where are the best locations,
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and then getting that network up and running.
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00:13:27.290 --> 00:13:29.770
And then in the out years, this 4.5 million,
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is to maintain, to operate and maintain that network,
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to continue it running, so that we don't stand it up
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00:13:35.380 --> 00:13:38.130
and then there's no money there to continue to operate.
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00:13:39.240 --> 00:13:41.030
And so as you can see, in year two,
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00:13:41.030 --> 00:13:45.020
we would stand up the second watershed, and then O&M.
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00:13:45.020 --> 00:13:47.980
So as you can see, this drops down through 10 years.
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It's basically a 10-year plan
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to get those 10 watersheds up and running.
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00:13:52.980 --> 00:13:55.820
And then if things go well, potentially,
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we can continue on with watersheds 11, 12, 13, and so on.
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00:14:00.130 --> 00:14:04.560
So this is the plan, which, so we received some funding
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in FY18, about a million and a half,
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00:14:06.650 --> 00:14:09.090
to get things kind of kicked off.
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00:14:09.090 --> 00:14:13.350
We started to implement this in the Delaware, and this year,
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00:14:13.350 --> 00:14:17.300
we received an additional seven million, as Gary mentioned,
285
00:14:17.300 --> 00:14:21.040
to finish out, to help finish out the Delaware,
286
00:14:21.040 --> 00:14:23.690
but also do a lot on NWIS modernization.
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00:14:23.690 --> 00:14:26.280
We really have to front-load in with modernization,
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00:14:26.280 --> 00:14:29.440
as you can tell, because if we collect all this information,
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00:14:29.440 --> 00:14:32.400
this new information, but we have nowhere for it to go,
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00:14:32.400 --> 00:14:34.340
then we've got things out of sequence.
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00:14:34.340 --> 00:14:38.020
So a lot of this new money has gone to front-load
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00:14:38.020 --> 00:14:40.393
are NWIS modernization activities.
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00:14:41.320 --> 00:14:44.450
So the pilot, so I mentioned that we got the funding
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00:14:44.450 --> 00:14:47.753
in 18 and 19, so we started in the Delaware River Basin.
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00:14:49.075 --> 00:14:50.850
It made sense.
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00:14:50.850 --> 00:14:55.706
We've got a very ecologically diverse watershed
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00:14:55.706 --> 00:15:00.410
that provides water to over 15 million people.
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00:15:00.410 --> 00:15:05.410
So it's a very visible, very high-profile watershed.
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00:15:05.760 --> 00:15:10.760
So there was a lot of political interest as well
300
00:15:11.510 --> 00:15:16.500
in this watershed, so it made sense to start out here.
301
00:15:16.500 --> 00:15:17.770
So what have we done so far?
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00:15:17.770 --> 00:15:20.500
So the blue dots here, hopefully,
303
00:15:20.500 --> 00:15:21.333
you can see that all right,
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00:15:21.333 --> 00:15:23.680
were the existing monitoring stations
305
00:15:23.680 --> 00:15:25.110
in the Delaware River basin.
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00:15:25.110 --> 00:15:27.040
The different colors here in the background
307
00:15:27.040 --> 00:15:29.733
are the physiographic regions,
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00:15:29.733 --> 00:15:31.670
just to give you a context here.
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00:15:31.670 --> 00:15:35.160
So this is the, the Appalachian Plateau's up here,
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00:15:35.160 --> 00:15:38.481
I believe, and this, so these blue dots are existing,
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00:15:38.481 --> 00:15:42.670
the red is where we've done enhanced mainstem monitoring,
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00:15:42.670 --> 00:15:45.550
so addition of temperature and salinity monitoring,
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00:15:45.550 --> 00:15:49.232
and really revising the way that we are communicating
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00:15:49.232 --> 00:15:52.223
the telemetry equipment as well.
315
00:15:53.160 --> 00:15:56.430
The small, the green dots, are small stream monitoring,
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00:15:56.430 --> 00:15:59.070
so these are small and more headwater streams.
317
00:15:59.070 --> 00:16:02.186
So we're increasing by about 50 new gauges
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00:16:02.186 --> 00:16:04.946
in areas like that, and we're increasing
319
00:16:04.946 --> 00:16:07.800
or adding streamflow to that,
320
00:16:07.800 --> 00:16:09.980
our various water quality parameters.
321
00:16:09.980 --> 00:16:12.822
And then, so right now with the funds that we've got,
322
00:16:12.822 --> 00:16:16.860
we've got about 57% of the planned FY19 needs
323
00:16:16.860 --> 00:16:20.600
for NWIS modernization, and we've got about 50%
324
00:16:20.600 --> 00:16:23.640
of the network in the Delaware River Basin implemented.
325
00:16:23.640 --> 00:16:26.190
So we've got about halfway to go, and our focus
326
00:16:26.190 --> 00:16:28.220
on that next 50% in this basin
327
00:16:28.220 --> 00:16:32.130
will be more on very specific, continuous water quality,
328
00:16:32.130 --> 00:16:35.370
and the groundwater piece, so we've really focused more
329
00:16:35.370 --> 00:16:39.140
on surface water flow and some connectivity
330
00:16:39.140 --> 00:16:41.610
and salinity in this first 50%.
331
00:16:41.610 --> 00:16:45.610
The next will be focused more on more water quality,
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00:16:45.610 --> 00:16:48.113
constituents, as well as the groundwater piece.
333
00:16:49.610 --> 00:16:52.920
So part of that second component of NGWOS now,
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00:16:52.920 --> 00:16:55.660
that NWIS modernization and data delivery.
335
00:16:55.660 --> 00:16:57.380
Just wanted to show you some things
336
00:16:57.380 --> 00:16:59.280
that we're working on now.
337
00:16:59.280 --> 00:17:03.640
This is a dashboard, we like to call it,
338
00:17:03.640 --> 00:17:06.730
that we'll be able to have new ways
339
00:17:06.730 --> 00:17:08.870
of displaying the information from the Delaware.
340
00:17:08.870 --> 00:17:11.210
We really want to push this out nationally,
341
00:17:11.210 --> 00:17:12.830
but this is a, here's the basin.
342
00:17:12.830 --> 00:17:16.890
This background is the precipitation and you can change that
343
00:17:16.890 --> 00:17:20.675
for various, three day, one day, seven day,
344
00:17:20.675 --> 00:17:23.340
historical precipitation amounts,
345
00:17:23.340 --> 00:17:25.911
overlaying on top of the gauging network,
346
00:17:25.911 --> 00:17:28.690
this particular show in the stream gauging network,
347
00:17:28.690 --> 00:17:31.560
I believe, and so the green, the color coding
348
00:17:31.560 --> 00:17:35.570
is based on what the percentile of flow is at that point.
349
00:17:35.570 --> 00:17:39.310
Okay, so based on what, based on the historical record,
350
00:17:39.310 --> 00:17:42.620
what's the streamflow that day relative to,
351
00:17:42.620 --> 00:17:46.130
historically, on that day, and over here,
352
00:17:46.130 --> 00:17:48.800
you could select, I want to look at just lake information.
353
00:17:48.800 --> 00:17:51.110
I want to look at wells, water quality,
354
00:17:51.110 --> 00:17:53.120
precipitation, weather conditions.
355
00:17:53.120 --> 00:17:58.120
So it'll be a little bit more in-depth and intuitive
356
00:17:59.290 --> 00:18:02.163
than the current way that we deliver our information.
357
00:18:03.690 --> 00:18:06.690
Another thing that we're really pushing out on
358
00:18:06.690 --> 00:18:11.473
is we're putting up webcams at a lot of our stations
359
00:18:11.473 --> 00:18:14.720
to really add some, another dimension
360
00:18:14.720 --> 00:18:16.170
to the way that we deliver data.
361
00:18:16.170 --> 00:18:21.170
So here's an example of a video of a webcam at a location
362
00:18:21.190 --> 00:18:23.260
in Wisconsin, and you'll notice here
363
00:18:23.260 --> 00:18:27.070
that we're actually showing the streamflow
364
00:18:27.070 --> 00:18:30.299
and the water levels so that you can get a context
365
00:18:30.299 --> 00:18:34.530
of what things look like, what a streamflow
366
00:18:34.530 --> 00:18:38.480
of a thousand CFS looks like,
367
00:18:38.480 --> 00:18:41.580
and you can look and see what the stream looks like.
368
00:18:41.580 --> 00:18:44.800
And so what was interesting about this,
369
00:18:44.800 --> 00:18:46.870
which you can start to understand,
370
00:18:46.870 --> 00:18:50.780
is when we saw this ice jam form,
371
00:18:50.780 --> 00:18:52.840
that we saw the water levels go up,
372
00:18:52.840 --> 00:18:55.940
but streamflow went down, so some people may be like,
373
00:18:55.940 --> 00:18:57.040
what's going on with that?
374
00:18:57.040 --> 00:18:59.380
And so once you have the context of,
375
00:18:59.380 --> 00:19:01.400
oh, well, there's an ice jam occurring,
376
00:19:01.400 --> 00:19:03.217
and you can see the water levels coming up,
377
00:19:03.217 --> 00:19:04.550
the streamflow's going down.
378
00:19:04.550 --> 00:19:06.700
It just adds another dimension to what we can provide.
379
00:19:06.700 --> 00:19:08.340
So we're excited about being able
380
00:19:08.340 --> 00:19:13.340
to provide that information at most of our gauging stations,
381
00:19:13.610 --> 00:19:17.980
but this, being able to serve up and store videos,
382
00:19:17.980 --> 00:19:20.300
takes a quite a bit of infrastructure improvement.
383
00:19:20.300 --> 00:19:22.593
So that's part of that NWIS modernization.
384
00:19:30.750 --> 00:19:35.750
Another type of data delivery that we're trying to get to
385
00:19:38.450 --> 00:19:41.600
is here's a, something we just came out with and published.
386
00:19:41.600 --> 00:19:43.580
It's an annual water conditions summary
387
00:19:43.580 --> 00:19:46.340
for the water year of 2018.
388
00:19:46.340 --> 00:19:48.950
And so what you see here is if you see big blue dots,
389
00:19:48.950 --> 00:19:50.990
that means there's flooding going on,
390
00:19:50.990 --> 00:19:54.290
large red circles, we've got really dry conditions
391
00:19:54.290 --> 00:19:55.910
or drought setting up.
392
00:19:55.910 --> 00:19:58.340
So this is just plain through the year, so it started
393
00:19:58.340 --> 00:20:02.080
in October and now this dial is, we're in February now,
394
00:20:02.080 --> 00:20:06.000
and so, and it also annotates different hydrologic events
395
00:20:06.000 --> 00:20:08.290
that are going on throughout the year.
396
00:20:08.290 --> 00:20:11.970
And so this just will take you through 2018.
397
00:20:11.970 --> 00:20:15.440
And so you get a snapshot throughout the year
398
00:20:15.440 --> 00:20:16.590
of what's going on.
399
00:20:16.590 --> 00:20:19.090
We want to get to this as more on a seasonal basis,
400
00:20:19.090 --> 00:20:20.610
not just wait until the end of the year,
401
00:20:20.610 --> 00:20:23.280
but as the end of the season, put this up
402
00:20:23.280 --> 00:20:26.160
so that we can start to get a sense of what's going on.
403
00:20:26.160 --> 00:20:27.770
So that we have a better sense
404
00:20:27.770 --> 00:20:30.528
of what's gonna happen the next season, and the next season,
405
00:20:30.528 --> 00:20:33.340
and we want to incorporate groundwater into this as well.
406
00:20:33.340 --> 00:20:34.960
This is just streamflow,
407
00:20:34.960 --> 00:20:38.760
but if we can have groundwater conditions on top of this,
408
00:20:38.760 --> 00:20:40.980
we can really start to have a better understanding
409
00:20:40.980 --> 00:20:44.800
of what conditions may be like coming up in the summer.
410
00:20:44.800 --> 00:20:47.680
We may have some, streamflows may be high,
411
00:20:47.680 --> 00:20:50.130
but our groundwater levels may be really low.
412
00:20:50.130 --> 00:20:52.560
And so we maybe have that false sense of security
413
00:20:52.560 --> 00:20:55.048
if we're just looking at streamflows,
414
00:20:55.048 --> 00:20:56.998
what the summer conditions may be like.
415
00:20:58.620 --> 00:21:00.020
The last piece I want to just touch on
416
00:21:00.020 --> 00:21:02.260
is that we really want, part of the NGWOS
417
00:21:02.260 --> 00:21:04.390
is looking at new ways to collect information,
418
00:21:04.390 --> 00:21:06.450
and that's not just in the stream or on the ground,
419
00:21:06.450 --> 00:21:08.210
but it's actually in the air as well.
420
00:21:08.210 --> 00:21:12.600
So using remote sensing to develop new streamflow techniques
421
00:21:12.600 --> 00:21:15.680
and measuring water quality through drones
422
00:21:15.680 --> 00:21:20.323
and new unmanned, underwater vehicles as well.
423
00:21:23.750 --> 00:21:26.870
This is some exciting work that we're doing now in Alaska,
424
00:21:26.870 --> 00:21:30.630
actually, where we're having some success
425
00:21:30.630 --> 00:21:33.280
at measuring discharge without putting any people
426
00:21:33.280 --> 00:21:36.800
in the water, completely from satellites.
427
00:21:36.800 --> 00:21:39.900
So we're trying to push the envelope there as well.
428
00:21:39.900 --> 00:21:41.800
We're not gonna probably be able to do that everywhere
429
00:21:41.800 --> 00:21:44.830
in the near term, but in remote areas,
430
00:21:44.830 --> 00:21:47.643
there's some good potential to do so.
431
00:21:50.620 --> 00:21:54.183
So what kind of things can we measure with remote sensing?
432
00:21:55.040 --> 00:21:58.220
So from water quality, just, I won't read all these off,
433
00:21:58.220 --> 00:22:01.100
but these are just some things that we're really looking
434
00:22:01.100 --> 00:22:03.920
to push with remote sensing with NGWOS,
435
00:22:03.920 --> 00:22:05.800
and I don't think we're that far away
436
00:22:05.800 --> 00:22:07.353
for many of these things.
437
00:22:08.470 --> 00:22:10.010
So what are the next steps?
438
00:22:10.010 --> 00:22:15.010
So ongoing testing of equipment in the Delaware River Basin.
439
00:22:15.730 --> 00:22:17.070
Within the Delaware River Basin,
440
00:22:17.070 --> 00:22:19.910
we've got some strategically located locations
441
00:22:19.910 --> 00:22:22.180
that we're calling our innovative testbed sites.
442
00:22:22.180 --> 00:22:26.270
So we're going in there, we're working with vendors,
443
00:22:26.270 --> 00:22:31.000
things that maybe are under beta level, or alpha level even,
444
00:22:31.000 --> 00:22:33.480
with sensor technology development,
445
00:22:33.480 --> 00:22:35.300
and we're implementing them.
446
00:22:35.300 --> 00:22:37.090
We want to call them innovation sites
447
00:22:37.090 --> 00:22:38.470
or maybe high-risk sites, too.
448
00:22:38.470 --> 00:22:41.430
Those sites that, or those technologies
449
00:22:41.430 --> 00:22:44.620
that we're not ready yet to put out on a wide scale,
450
00:22:44.620 --> 00:22:46.280
but we're ready to put at a few sites
451
00:22:46.280 --> 00:22:48.720
and see how they operate, see how they work.
452
00:22:48.720 --> 00:22:51.493
So that's a big part of this program.
453
00:22:52.500 --> 00:22:55.370
We're working on a plan, multi-year plan,
454
00:22:55.370 --> 00:22:58.180
for not only the Delaware River Basin but other basins,
455
00:22:58.180 --> 00:23:02.300
so what is NGWOS gonna look like in these other basins?
456
00:23:02.300 --> 00:23:03.330
Now some of them are gonna be,
457
00:23:03.330 --> 00:23:06.720
well, they're all gonna have very specific issues
458
00:23:06.720 --> 00:23:09.300
and stakeholder needs, so we can't have a plan,
459
00:23:09.300 --> 00:23:11.380
one plan that fits all for all these basins,
460
00:23:11.380 --> 00:23:14.590
but we want to have an overarching, detailed plan
461
00:23:14.590 --> 00:23:16.810
of what types of information
462
00:23:16.810 --> 00:23:19.373
and what our overarching goals for each basin.
463
00:23:21.190 --> 00:23:24.660
We talked about remote sensing, and we also want
464
00:23:24.660 --> 00:23:27.280
to look at a network design and gap analysis
465
00:23:27.280 --> 00:23:30.500
across the nation, so that we can, when we go into a basin,
466
00:23:30.500 --> 00:23:32.230
we can already have a pretty good understanding
467
00:23:32.230 --> 00:23:34.213
of where we have gaps.
468
00:23:35.120 --> 00:23:38.900
With a very calculated and methodical gap analysis
469
00:23:38.900 --> 00:23:40.990
across the nation, that'll really help us
470
00:23:40.990 --> 00:23:43.100
once we go into the next basin.
471
00:23:43.100 --> 00:23:46.500
And right now, we're working on selecting basin number two,
472
00:23:46.500 --> 00:23:47.720
which is gonna be in the west,
473
00:23:47.720 --> 00:23:50.870
and we need to have that selected by the end of FY19.
474
00:23:50.870 --> 00:23:53.510
So we've got a team that's forming right now
475
00:23:53.510 --> 00:23:56.230
to develop what the criteria are gonna be.
476
00:23:56.230 --> 00:23:59.610
And then we're gonna get some limited stakeholder engagement
477
00:23:59.610 --> 00:24:01.300
and input for this second basin.
478
00:24:01.300 --> 00:24:03.210
We've kind of got a roll on that pretty quick.
479
00:24:03.210 --> 00:24:04.660
With basins three through 10,
480
00:24:04.660 --> 00:24:07.030
we're gonna have a much more well-vetted
481
00:24:07.030 --> 00:24:10.963
stakeholder input process to select those next basins.
482
00:24:12.020 --> 00:24:14.790
And finally, just continued research-to-operations,
483
00:24:14.790 --> 00:24:17.280
so working with vendors, working with our HIF
484
00:24:17.280 --> 00:24:20.400
to develop new technologies, put them in the field,
485
00:24:20.400 --> 00:24:23.250
work out the kinks, get them into an operational mode
486
00:24:23.250 --> 00:24:24.770
that we can move out to the nation.
487
00:24:24.770 --> 00:24:27.940
So not only in the NGWOS basins,
488
00:24:27.940 --> 00:24:30.700
but across our entire enterprise of stream gauges
489
00:24:30.700 --> 00:24:32.890
and water quality monitoring networks across the country,
490
00:24:32.890 --> 00:24:36.230
so we're not stopping doing all of that.
491
00:24:36.230 --> 00:24:39.120
We still want to, we still need to increase our footprint
492
00:24:39.120 --> 00:24:42.410
in those other basins as well, but these NGWOS basins
493
00:24:42.410 --> 00:24:44.730
can be those test beds to really push out
494
00:24:44.730 --> 00:24:46.723
how we monitor on a national extent.
495
00:24:48.270 --> 00:24:52.560
So just, last, just want to show you that this,
496
00:24:52.560 --> 00:24:55.170
Mike Woodside is the Deputy Program Coordinator
497
00:24:55.170 --> 00:24:56.100
for our program,
498
00:24:56.100 --> 00:24:59.560
and he's also currently leading the NGWOS effort.
499
00:24:59.560 --> 00:25:02.520
So Mike or myself here, feel free to contact
500
00:25:02.520 --> 00:25:05.370
either one of us with questions or input,
501
00:25:05.370 --> 00:25:08.060
and then here's some, just some links
502
00:25:08.060 --> 00:25:12.100
that are pertinent to our program,
503
00:25:12.100 --> 00:25:14.150
I just wanted to throw out there for you.
504
00:25:15.091 --> 00:25:16.640
And with that, I'll take some questions.
505
00:25:16.640 --> 00:25:18.893
We can have any kind of discussion that you'd like to.
506
00:25:23.012 --> 00:25:23.845
Yep.
507
00:25:23.845 --> 00:25:25.757
I'm just gonna say, I don't remember,
508
00:25:25.757 --> 00:25:28.400
you said that's, are you looking for input from stakeholders
509
00:25:28.400 --> 00:25:31.500
on selecting (mumbles) different watersheds?
510
00:25:31.500 --> 00:25:34.630
Yes, so what we're gonna, the plan for basin selection
511
00:25:34.630 --> 00:25:37.950
is our selection team is gonna come up with about,
512
00:25:37.950 --> 00:25:41.660
probably about 50 candidate watersheds nationally.
513
00:25:41.660 --> 00:25:45.620
Then we're gonna interact with certain stakeholder groups,
514
00:25:45.620 --> 00:25:48.990
ICWP, Western States, Tony's group,
515
00:25:48.990 --> 00:25:50.240
some of our federal partners,
516
00:25:50.240 --> 00:25:52.980
and we're gonna whittle that down probably to about 25,
517
00:25:52.980 --> 00:25:55.800
and then within those 25, we're gonna go out
518
00:25:55.800 --> 00:25:58.420
to the local entities, the water science centers,
519
00:25:58.420 --> 00:26:01.610
and really get that kind of input to really,
520
00:26:01.610 --> 00:26:04.680
okay, notice that I had about 25,
521
00:26:04.680 --> 00:26:06.820
or 22 water resource regions?
522
00:26:06.820 --> 00:26:08.490
So we're gonna really have at least one
523
00:26:08.490 --> 00:26:10.220
in all of those water resource regions,
524
00:26:10.220 --> 00:26:12.110
and then we can go into those regions
525
00:26:12.110 --> 00:26:15.870
and have a more detailed conversation about,
526
00:26:15.870 --> 00:26:19.590
okay, which of these watersheds makes the most sense to do,
527
00:26:19.590 --> 00:26:22.010
and remember, we want it to be a watershed
528
00:26:22.010 --> 00:26:26.130
that will be representative of a larger area.
529
00:26:26.130 --> 00:26:29.740
So we want to have a diversity of watershed types
530
00:26:29.740 --> 00:26:32.913
and water resource issues represented in those 10.
531
00:26:34.840 --> 00:26:36.150
Sir.
532
00:26:36.150 --> 00:26:38.100
Are there certain priorities
533
00:26:38.100 --> 00:26:41.120
that you're placing around capturing those initial 50
534
00:26:41.120 --> 00:26:42.880
that you're gonna put out there for (mumbles).
535
00:26:42.880 --> 00:26:46.290
For example, are there priority watersheds
536
00:26:46.290 --> 00:26:51.290
that are under stress or possibly more agricultural areas
537
00:26:51.856 --> 00:26:53.606
(mumbles) highly drained (mumbles).
538
00:26:56.840 --> 00:27:01.840
Our new drainage is kind of the key area that they propose.
539
00:27:01.890 --> 00:27:03.800
Yeah, that will be, that'll definitely be part
540
00:27:03.800 --> 00:27:06.063
of the selection process, but right now,
541
00:27:06.063 --> 00:27:09.330
we're in the early stages of laying it all out,
542
00:27:09.330 --> 00:27:12.160
but absolutely, I mean we want to represent those areas
543
00:27:12.160 --> 00:27:16.240
that are, have significant nutrient inputs and issues.
544
00:27:16.240 --> 00:27:17.950
We want to have those areas
545
00:27:17.950 --> 00:27:21.560
that have our agricultural concerns of withdrawals
546
00:27:21.560 --> 00:27:25.640
and inputs, snowmelt-dominated systems, arid Southwest.
547
00:27:25.640 --> 00:27:27.640
We're already in the humid East
548
00:27:27.640 --> 00:27:30.633
with a very urban population, so it's,
549
00:27:31.720 --> 00:27:36.720
it's hard with 10 to represent the national extent
550
00:27:36.800 --> 00:27:39.040
of our water challenges, but we're gonna try
551
00:27:39.040 --> 00:27:40.663
to do the best that we can.
552
00:27:42.719 --> 00:27:43.552
Okay.
553
00:27:45.200 --> 00:27:47.440
Question about the budget.
554
00:27:47.440 --> 00:27:51.870
You showed a chart for 10 years in 10 sites.
555
00:27:51.870 --> 00:27:56.070
And as I recall, the maintenance or the average cost
556
00:27:56.070 --> 00:27:59.920
after some initial startup, buying equipment and so forth,
557
00:27:59.920 --> 00:28:03.260
was about 15 million dollars a year per site.
558
00:28:03.260 --> 00:28:04.549
4 1/2.
559
00:28:04.549 --> 00:28:05.382
4 1/2, okay.
560
00:28:05.382 --> 00:28:07.320
Per basin, yup.
561
00:28:07.320 --> 00:28:09.470
Does that go into perpetuity?
562
00:28:09.470 --> 00:28:11.860
That's what's in the plan, yup.
563
00:28:11.860 --> 00:28:15.010
That's what we've sent to Congress and they understand
564
00:28:15.010 --> 00:28:18.800
that this is not something they can walk away with.
565
00:28:18.800 --> 00:28:21.460
We are engaging other,
566
00:28:21.460 --> 00:28:24.781
we are gonna be engaging other cooperators in the basin
567
00:28:24.781 --> 00:28:28.720
to either help with standing up more
568
00:28:28.720 --> 00:28:32.450
than just what these funds can handle,
569
00:28:32.450 --> 00:28:35.560
but the idea is that these will be appropriated funds
570
00:28:35.560 --> 00:28:39.990
that run this NGWOS basin that the instrumentation
571
00:28:39.990 --> 00:28:41.930
in these NGWOS basins.
572
00:28:41.930 --> 00:28:43.460
And part of the goal here
573
00:28:43.460 --> 00:28:46.151
is to develop an integrated model
574
00:28:46.151 --> 00:28:50.820
that can do, answer some of the questions as well as others.
575
00:28:50.820 --> 00:28:55.620
After that model is calibrated and verified,
576
00:28:55.620 --> 00:29:00.620
so does the need for monitoring decline,
577
00:29:01.400 --> 00:29:05.540
increase, stay the same?
578
00:29:05.540 --> 00:29:09.010
Yeah, I would think that it would stay the same.
579
00:29:09.010 --> 00:29:10.450
The people that are relying
580
00:29:10.450 --> 00:29:13.390
and making water resource decisions on a daily basis
581
00:29:13.390 --> 00:29:16.200
are gonna come to rely on this information.
582
00:29:16.200 --> 00:29:18.980
So I wouldn't think it would decline.
583
00:29:18.980 --> 00:29:22.560
One of the ideas we have for the NGWOS basins
584
00:29:22.560 --> 00:29:27.460
are to go into a sub-basin with intensive monitoring
585
00:29:27.460 --> 00:29:31.540
for a couple of years, and then leave a footprint
586
00:29:31.540 --> 00:29:35.000
of monitoring stations there but then rotate it
587
00:29:35.000 --> 00:29:37.660
to another sub-watershed within that basin,
588
00:29:37.660 --> 00:29:40.810
so that you're rotating around the watershed
589
00:29:40.810 --> 00:29:42.870
and leaving a footprint behind,
590
00:29:42.870 --> 00:29:45.790
but that you're generating it at least a couple of years
591
00:29:45.790 --> 00:29:48.060
of really intensive data collection, and so I could see
592
00:29:48.060 --> 00:29:51.290
that that would be a cycle that may be able to continue
593
00:29:52.360 --> 00:29:56.110
as you move out beyond those, that 10-year period.
594
00:29:56.110 --> 00:29:57.190
It's a good question.
595
00:29:57.190 --> 00:29:58.680
And it kind of leads, it's a good segue
596
00:29:58.680 --> 00:29:59.730
into our next speaker, that.
597
00:29:59.730 --> 00:30:03.190
So I'm gonna introduce Katie Skalak right now to take over
598
00:30:03.190 --> 00:30:05.640
and talk about the Water Prediction Work Program.
599
00:30:06.960 --> 00:30:08.610
Katie's actually research hydrologist
600
00:30:08.610 --> 00:30:10.670
with our National, former National Research Program,
601
00:30:10.670 --> 00:30:12.730
a geomorphologist by training,
602
00:30:12.730 --> 00:30:14.680
but she's now the chief Science Adviser
603
00:30:14.680 --> 00:30:16.440
for the water prediction.