WEBVTT

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Well, good morning, all. My name
is Kirby Rootes-Murdy.

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I'm with the US Geological
Survey's Eastern Ecological

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Science Center and I will be the
moderator today. Today's webinar

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will feature 3 presenters: Dr.
Scott Loss, Associate Professor

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of Global Change Ecology in the
management Department of Natural

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Resource Ecology at Oklahoma
State University,

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Pamela Toschik, Assistant
Regional Director within the

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Division of Migratory Birds,
Northeast Region, US Fish and

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Wildlife Service,

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and Dr. Joelle Gehring,
Biologist in the Division of

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Bird Conservation, Permits and
Regulations, Migratory Bird

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Program,

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US Fish and Wildlife Services
Headquarters.

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At the end of all the
presentations today, there will

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be an opportunity to write
questions into the chat box for

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presenters to answer.

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So at this point, I will turn it
over to Dr. Scott Loss to give

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the first presentation.

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Thank you, Kirby. Well,
hopefully you're all seeing the

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first slide of my presentation
here. I'm very pleased to be

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able to have the opportunity to
give this presentation today to

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talk about the research that my
collaborators, grad students and

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I have done over the last 10
years here at Oklahoma State

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University, and also to
introduce some of the management

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solutions that are available to
address this major issue of bird

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window collisions.

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The broad context for this talk
on bird window collisions is

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that there are numerous
different human related

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stressors affecting the
environment, and you've heard of

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many of these I'm sure. Major
existential threats like climate

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change, habitat loss and
conversion due to activities

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such as urbanization,
agricultural intensification and

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energy use, and extraction of
these major broad indirect

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threats are direct are affecting
the habitable space available to

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birds. But there's also a wide
array, a myriad of direct

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sources of human caused
mortality affecting birds. These

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are things that without
intervening mechanisms and

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immediately lead to bird deaths.
This this is the area that my

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research lab has focused
primarily on. Some of these

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direct sources of human caused
mortality include factors like

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bird collisions with structures,
including building windows,

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which I'll be talking about
today. Energy infrastructure,

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power lines, communication
towers,

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vehicles on roadways, etc.
Direct mortality sources also

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include poisoning by various
types of of of toxins that

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humans use, predation by
invasive species such as our

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own, domestic pets.

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Another aspect of the context
here is that these this wide

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variety of direct and indirect
threats are causing major

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impacts on the North American
avifauna. Many of you likely

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remember the major paper that
came out in 2019, led by

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organizations like the Cornell
Lab and the Smithsonian that

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quantified that we've lost 3
billion breeding birds in the

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United States since the 1960s.
That paper didn't address causes

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of those declines, but an
associated effort called the

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Three Billion Birds

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Initiative focused on addressing
solutions to help stem and

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reverse this continental decline
of our avifauna. One of the

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major solutions to help reduce
or address these bird declines

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is to make windows safer for
birds. So why? Why was that

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identified as a major,

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a major potential action or
solution to address bird

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declines? It turns out back in
2014, while a postdoc at the

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Smithsonian Conservation Biology
Institute, I was funded by the

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US Fish and Wildlife Service to
generate data derived estimates

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of bird mortality from these
various direct sources of bird

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death. We did this for several
different threats and setting

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cats aside for today, which is a
topic and a talk for a different

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day. We estimated based on the
existing data

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that was available at the time
that bird collisions with

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building windows are the next
largest source of direct

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mortality of birds in the US. We
estimated a medium median of

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approximately 600 million birds
are killed each year in the US

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from this threat but are upper
end estimates approach 1 billion

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birds killed annually, ranking
bird window collisions above

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many of these other sources of
direct human caused mortality.

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We also broke down our estimates
of collisions due to bird

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structure collisions in
different types of buildings. So

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as you can see up in upper left,
we estimated that for individual

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detached residences between one
and three stories in height,

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although the per building rate
of mortality for these smaller

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structures is relatively low, on
the order of approximately one

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to three birds per year on
average per structure, the

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hundreds of millions of these
residences across the United

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States means that the collective
amount of fatalities

e72598c9-270f-4ee0-a250-3277dba653d9-0
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caused by these individual
residences is very large,

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approximately 250 million or so
birds killed annually.

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Of this ranks um individual
residences such as the types of

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homes that many of us live in as
causing as much or more

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fatalities than some of the more
publicized larger buildings

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which do have higher rates of
per building collision

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mortality, such as low rise
buildings shown in the upper

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right where we estimated
approximately 340 million total

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birds killed per year and high
rises which kill a very large

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number of birds on a per
building basis, but due to the

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smaller number of these
structures we estimated

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collectively

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kill fewer birds per year than
individual residences. So this

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points to the need to not just
focus solutions and mitigation

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efforts on these larger
buildings that often get a lot

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of attention, but also to be
seeking solutions across much

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more dispersed but equally
problematic uh threat of

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collisions at individual
residences.

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We also know that a wide variety
of birds are affected by these

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collisions with building
windows.

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Now hundreds if not thousands of
bird species have been

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documented to collide with
windows across the world. And

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maybe surprising to some, it's
not the species that we think of

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as being urban inhabiters that
spend the most time near

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buildings like, you know,
non-native house sparrows,

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starlings, pigeons, et cetera.
The species that collide in the

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largest numbers tend to be our
native species, long distance

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migrants, especially species
that migrate at night such as

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our hummingbirds, native
warblers, sparrows, thrushes,

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vireos, orioles. Mostly
songbirds, but also some other

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non-songbirds such as for
example the American Woodcock

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shown in the lower right of the
screen.

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So what are the causes of these
collisions? Pretty obviously to

860d2c10-2f33-4ca5-94c9-a1f7184b4977-1
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many of you it's the the major,
major primary causes of bird

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window collisions are the
reflective and transparent

860d2c10-2f33-4ca5-94c9-a1f7184b4977-3
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effects of glass. So birds do
not really see glass, they're

860d2c10-2f33-4ca5-94c9-a1f7184b4977-4
00:07:26.621 --> 00:07:29.826
not cued into the to the
presence of it. They see either

860d2c10-2f33-4ca5-94c9-a1f7184b4977-5
00:07:29.826 --> 00:07:33.256
sky or habitat reflected in the
in the glass, attempt to fly

860d2c10-2f33-4ca5-94c9-a1f7184b4977-6
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towards that habitat and
collide, or under certain

860d2c10-2f33-4ca5-94c9-a1f7184b4977-7
00:07:36.124 --> 00:07:39.835
lighting conditions they may see
through to the other side of the

860d2c10-2f33-4ca5-94c9-a1f7184b4977-8
00:07:39.835 --> 00:07:43.040
building, or they may see what
they perceive as habitat,

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on the inside the building and
try to try to fly through the

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transparent glass and then again
collide. Exacerbating the threat

5280a736-a017-436f-8d9a-3ad1edaa24ff-2
00:07:51.000 --> 00:07:54.603
of reflection and transparency,
we're seeing accumulating

5280a736-a017-436f-8d9a-3ad1edaa24ff-3
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evidence that light pollution
also plays a role in collisions,

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primarily because most of the
species affected by bird window

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00:08:02.369 --> 00:08:06.283
collisions are these nocturnal
migrants that that rely on dark

5280a736-a017-436f-8d9a-3ad1edaa24ff-6
00:08:06.283 --> 00:08:10.321
skies, celestial cues and other
other cues to migrate and bright

5280a736-a017-436f-8d9a-3ad1edaa24ff-7
00:08:10.321 --> 00:08:13.490
lights at night disorient
disturb their migrations

a1913fd5-9dfa-40ff-b914-c5d4db8fa6b6-0
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cause them to be attracted
nearer to buildings where they

a1913fd5-9dfa-40ff-b914-c5d4db8fa6b6-1
00:08:16.483 --> 00:08:19.000
then collide due to the
reflective and transparent

a1913fd5-9dfa-40ff-b914-c5d4db8fa6b6-2
00:08:19.000 --> 00:08:19.839
effects of glass.

f8f6ed3a-be95-4abb-a4dc-720c8920791b-0
00:08:21.480 --> 00:08:25.238
So over the last 10 years or so,
my lab here at Oklahoma State

f8f6ed3a-be95-4abb-a4dc-720c8920791b-1
00:08:25.238 --> 00:08:28.759
University, in collaboration
with many folks both here and

f8f6ed3a-be95-4abb-a4dc-720c8920791b-2
00:08:28.759 --> 00:08:32.339
elsewhere, including students
I've mentored over the years,

f8f6ed3a-be95-4abb-a4dc-720c8920791b-3
00:08:32.339 --> 00:08:35.859
have taken two major research or
major threads of research

f8f6ed3a-be95-4abb-a4dc-720c8920791b-4
00:08:35.859 --> 00:08:39.558
inquiry related to this issue.
One of those threads is to try

f8f6ed3a-be95-4abb-a4dc-720c8920791b-5
00:08:39.558 --> 00:08:43.198
to identify the factors that
influence bird window collision

f8f6ed3a-be95-4abb-a4dc-720c8920791b-6
00:08:43.198 --> 00:08:46.778
risk. So what, what are the
patterns among species in terms

f8f6ed3a-be95-4abb-a4dc-720c8920791b-7
00:08:46.778 --> 00:08:50.417
of vulnerability to collision?
What are spatial and temporal

f8f6ed3a-be95-4abb-a4dc-720c8920791b-8
00:08:50.417 --> 00:08:51.790
patterns of collisions?

73c8af5a-3069-442b-a809-8c34207f7c37-0
00:08:51.990 --> 00:08:55.000
Information that, if we can
determine these factors, might

73c8af5a-3069-442b-a809-8c34207f7c37-1
00:08:55.000 --> 00:08:58.266
help us generate recommendations
about how to reduce or address

73c8af5a-3069-442b-a809-8c34207f7c37-2
00:08:58.266 --> 00:08:58.930
this problem.

a637aad0-abd3-4322-bd2d-46cb220f7eaf-0
00:09:00.200 --> 00:09:03.467
On the second major threat is
actual direct evaluation of

a637aad0-abd3-4322-bd2d-46cb220f7eaf-1
00:09:03.467 --> 00:09:06.453
proposed management approaches
to reduce bird window

a637aad0-abd3-4322-bd2d-46cb220f7eaf-2
00:09:06.453 --> 00:09:09.551
collisions. And I'll talk
briefly about a few of these

a637aad0-abd3-4322-bd2d-46cb220f7eaf-3
00:09:09.551 --> 00:09:12.706
projects today as well,
including work where we've used

a637aad0-abd3-4322-bd2d-46cb220f7eaf-4
00:09:12.706 --> 00:09:16.086
or looked at the potential of
weather radar to predict bird

a637aad0-abd3-4322-bd2d-46cb220f7eaf-5
00:09:16.086 --> 00:09:18.960
window collisions and where
we've done field tests

a637aad0-abd3-4322-bd2d-46cb220f7eaf-6
00:09:18.960 --> 00:09:22.452
evaluating the effectiveness of
window films, markers, placed

a637aad0-abd3-4322-bd2d-46cb220f7eaf-7
00:09:22.452 --> 00:09:25.833
over glass surfaces. We've also
started dabbling into human

a637aad0-abd3-4322-bd2d-46cb220f7eaf-8
00:09:25.833 --> 00:09:28.762
dimensions research. We're
trying to figure out the

a637aad0-abd3-4322-bd2d-46cb220f7eaf-9
00:09:28.762 --> 00:09:30.340
palatability to stakeholders

a7b8a484-32f0-4356-a192-96f86ca8b820-0
00:09:30.420 --> 00:09:34.038
about potential approaches to
implement bird window collision

a7b8a484-32f0-4356-a192-96f86ca8b820-1
00:09:34.038 --> 00:09:34.680
management.

dcc15692-d5aa-444a-8431-f5fc2349ba9c-0
00:09:36.780 --> 00:09:40.099
So where have we done these
studies? We've done this in a

dcc15692-d5aa-444a-8431-f5fc2349ba9c-1
00:09:40.099 --> 00:09:43.532
couple different places. Most
notably, most of our work has

dcc15692-d5aa-444a-8431-f5fc2349ba9c-2
00:09:43.532 --> 00:09:46.794
occurred here at the Oklahoma
State University campus in

dcc15692-d5aa-444a-8431-f5fc2349ba9c-3
00:09:46.794 --> 00:09:49.941
Stillwater. The amount of
buildings that we monitor is

dcc15692-d5aa-444a-8431-f5fc2349ba9c-4
00:09:49.941 --> 00:09:53.146
varied over the years, but
especially during 2015 to 17

dcc15692-d5aa-444a-8431-f5fc2349ba9c-5
00:09:53.146 --> 00:09:56.694
when we had a PhD student named
Corey Riding leading a lot of

dcc15692-d5aa-444a-8431-f5fc2349ba9c-6
00:09:56.694 --> 00:10:00.470
work on this topic. We monitored
up to 17 buildings per year here

dcc15692-d5aa-444a-8431-f5fc2349ba9c-7
00:10:00.470 --> 00:10:04.076
on campus and in the surrounding
town. We've just incidentally

dcc15692-d5aa-444a-8431-f5fc2349ba9c-8
00:10:04.076 --> 00:10:06.880
started a new effort to monitor
buildings again,

a2854d09-d993-4bde-84cf-d89067e4b5af-0
00:10:06.950 --> 00:10:09.869
intensively here at Oklahoma
State and associated in

a2854d09-d993-4bde-84cf-d89067e4b5af-1
00:10:09.869 --> 00:10:13.340
association with the treatment
to place window markers on some

a2854d09-d993-4bde-84cf-d89067e4b5af-2
00:10:13.340 --> 00:10:15.820
of the more problematic
buildings on campus.

a495216f-6ebc-4d7b-900b-c6c00483f932-0
00:10:17.200 --> 00:10:20.588
We've also done field monitoring
of the bird window collision

a495216f-6ebc-4d7b-900b-c6c00483f932-1
00:10:20.588 --> 00:10:24.140
issue in Minneapolis, Minnesota.
A long story here, but this was

a495216f-6ebc-4d7b-900b-c6c00483f932-2
00:10:24.140 --> 00:10:27.583
generated or this project was
started based on public interest

a495216f-6ebc-4d7b-900b-c6c00483f932-3
00:10:27.583 --> 00:10:31.081
regarding the US Bank Stadium,
home of the Minnesota Vikings in

a495216f-6ebc-4d7b-900b-c6c00483f932-4
00:10:31.081 --> 00:10:34.032
Minneapolis, which was
identified as a potential risk

a495216f-6ebc-4d7b-900b-c6c00483f932-5
00:10:34.032 --> 00:10:37.366
for bird window collisions due
to the four acres of glass on

a495216f-6ebc-4d7b-900b-c6c00483f932-6
00:10:37.366 --> 00:10:40.427
the building. That public
interest led to our lab being

a495216f-6ebc-4d7b-900b-c6c00483f932-7
00:10:40.427 --> 00:10:43.433
funded in collaboration with
Audubon Minnesota and the

a495216f-6ebc-4d7b-900b-c6c00483f932-8
00:10:43.433 --> 00:10:47.040
University of Minnesota to study
that building, as well as twenty

a495216f-6ebc-4d7b-900b-c6c00483f932-9
00:10:47.040 --> 00:10:47.860
other buildings

175f11a1-bd78-42f1-bd91-b09fc50f72c2-0
00:10:47.930 --> 00:10:49.460
in downtown Minneapolis.

063d72b7-bc84-4859-886c-56e3033add30-0
00:10:50.360 --> 00:10:53.517
Additionally, I've been
privileged to be involved with a

063d72b7-bc84-4859-886c-56e3033add30-1
00:10:53.517 --> 00:10:56.841
larger project called The EREN
Project. This is work led by

063d72b7-bc84-4859-886c-56e3033add30-2
00:10:56.841 --> 00:11:00.498
Steve Hager in Illinois and Brad
Cosentino in Indiana, where they

063d72b7-bc84-4859-886c-56e3033add30-3
00:11:00.498 --> 00:11:03.544
coordinated researchers to
collect data on bird window

063d72b7-bc84-4859-886c-56e3033add30-4
00:11:03.544 --> 00:11:06.924
collisions on university and
college campuses across the US,

063d72b7-bc84-4859-886c-56e3033add30-5
00:11:06.924 --> 00:11:10.303
Canada, and Mexico, all during
the same time period, and all

063d72b7-bc84-4859-886c-56e3033add30-6
00:11:10.303 --> 00:11:13.350
using standardized, systematic
approaches to collision

063d72b7-bc84-4859-886c-56e3033add30-7
00:11:13.350 --> 00:11:13.960
monitoring.

9e357ee7-540e-4c35-b9c5-3f9a4c5938a1-0
00:11:16.310 --> 00:11:19.775
So how do we study collisions in
these, in these areas that I've

9e357ee7-540e-4c35-b9c5-3f9a4c5938a1-1
00:11:19.775 --> 00:11:23.241
shown. Well I'm gonna I'm gonna
brush over a lot of detail here,

9e357ee7-540e-4c35-b9c5-3f9a4c5938a1-2
00:11:23.241 --> 00:11:26.120
but we can breakdown the
approach and the three broad

9e357ee7-540e-4c35-b9c5-3f9a4c5938a1-3
00:11:26.120 --> 00:11:29.425
areas of effort and and the most
important is obviously doing

9e357ee7-540e-4c35-b9c5-3f9a4c5938a1-4
00:11:29.425 --> 00:11:32.678
collision surveys at buildings.
We try to do daily collision

9e357ee7-540e-4c35-b9c5-3f9a4c5938a1-5
00:11:32.678 --> 00:11:35.823
surveys whenever possible
because we know that if we don't

9e357ee7-540e-4c35-b9c5-3f9a4c5938a1-6
00:11:35.823 --> 00:11:39.289
that a certain proportion of the
carcasses that result from bird

9e357ee7-540e-4c35-b9c5-3f9a4c5938a1-7
00:11:39.289 --> 00:11:42.488
window collisions will disappear
between our surveys due to

9e357ee7-540e-4c35-b9c5-3f9a4c5938a1-8
00:11:42.488 --> 00:11:45.900
either humans removing them or
animal scavengers removing them.

9e357ee7-540e-4c35-b9c5-3f9a4c5938a1-9
00:11:45.900 --> 00:11:47.020
But these collisions,

35991145-157e-479d-aebc-0a234bd6080b-0
00:11:47.150 --> 00:11:50.541
they're pretty simple. We walk
around the perimeter of all the

35991145-157e-479d-aebc-0a234bd6080b-1
00:11:50.541 --> 00:11:53.770
buildings in our study on a
daily basis, visually searching

35991145-157e-479d-aebc-0a234bd6080b-2
00:11:53.770 --> 00:11:56.892
for the presence of birds,
carcasses, as well as indirect

35991145-157e-479d-aebc-0a234bd6080b-3
00:11:56.892 --> 00:11:59.960
evidence like feather smudges
and piles of feathers near

35991145-157e-479d-aebc-0a234bd6080b-4
00:11:59.960 --> 00:12:03.513
buildings, that that cue us into
the potential for a collision to

35991145-157e-479d-aebc-0a234bd6080b-5
00:12:03.513 --> 00:12:04.589
have occurred there.

70365de0-9acf-4323-966f-fcb789f84395-0
00:12:05.780 --> 00:12:09.147
I also mentioned already the
idea of of carcasses being

70365de0-9acf-4323-966f-fcb789f84395-1
00:12:09.147 --> 00:12:12.574
removed before we are able to
get to them. So we also do

70365de0-9acf-4323-966f-fcb789f84395-2
00:12:12.574 --> 00:12:16.362
removal trials where we place
birds that have already resulted

70365de0-9acf-4323-966f-fcb789f84395-3
00:12:16.362 --> 00:12:19.730
from collisions in known
locations and we track them on

70365de0-9acf-4323-966f-fcb789f84395-4
00:12:19.730 --> 00:12:23.638
successive days to determine how
long on average these carcasses

70365de0-9acf-4323-966f-fcb789f84395-5
00:12:23.638 --> 00:12:27.186
last. And that allows us to
adjust our fatality counts for

70365de0-9acf-4323-966f-fcb789f84395-6
00:12:27.186 --> 00:12:31.034
this potential removal bias due
to animal scavengers as well as

70365de0-9acf-4323-966f-fcb789f84395-7
00:12:31.034 --> 00:12:33.440
humans with cleaning crews for
example.

39534e66-d75f-47b6-b3b0-6f807bbc4bc0-0
00:12:34.280 --> 00:12:37.178
We also do experimental
detection trials based on the

39534e66-d75f-47b6-b3b0-6f807bbc4bc0-1
00:12:37.178 --> 00:12:40.559
idea that no surveyor, none of
our collision surveyors, myself

39534e66-d75f-47b6-b3b0-6f807bbc4bc0-2
00:12:40.559 --> 00:12:43.833
included, are perfect and can
find all the birds that result

39534e66-d75f-47b6-b3b0-6f807bbc4bc0-3
00:12:43.833 --> 00:12:47.321
from window collisions. So we do
again trials where we put birds

39534e66-d75f-47b6-b3b0-6f807bbc4bc0-4
00:12:47.321 --> 00:12:50.488
in known locations at known
times and are able to quantify

39534e66-d75f-47b6-b3b0-6f807bbc4bc0-5
00:12:50.488 --> 00:12:53.869
the proportion of birds that are
surveyor finds so that we can

39534e66-d75f-47b6-b3b0-6f807bbc4bc0-6
00:12:53.869 --> 00:12:57.197
again adjust for this imperfect
detection of carcasses in our

39534e66-d75f-47b6-b3b0-6f807bbc4bc0-7
00:12:57.197 --> 00:13:00.310
estimates of collisions at each
building that we studied.

911b6599-95fe-4d5a-897b-ed4687c04c5b-0
00:13:02.290 --> 00:13:05.333
So we've used this type of
monitoring and existing data

911b6599-95fe-4d5a-897b-ed4687c04c5b-1
00:13:05.333 --> 00:13:08.920
that was collected using similar
approaches to to address several

911b6599-95fe-4d5a-897b-ed4687c04c5b-2
00:13:08.920 --> 00:13:12.343
different aspects of collision
variation. One of these aspects

911b6599-95fe-4d5a-897b-ed4687c04c5b-3
00:13:12.343 --> 00:13:15.224
of variation is addressing
interspecific patterns of

911b6599-95fe-4d5a-897b-ed4687c04c5b-4
00:13:15.224 --> 00:13:18.539
vulnerability to bird window
collisions. Now you might think

911b6599-95fe-4d5a-897b-ed4687c04c5b-5
00:13:18.539 --> 00:13:21.582
that just comparing numbers of
birds that are killed at

911b6599-95fe-4d5a-897b-ed4687c04c5b-6
00:13:21.582 --> 00:13:24.897
building windows is the way to
generate estimates of species

911b6599-95fe-4d5a-897b-ed4687c04c5b-7
00:13:24.897 --> 00:13:27.995
vulnerability, and that does
give you a rough picture of

911b6599-95fe-4d5a-897b-ed4687c04c5b-8
00:13:27.995 --> 00:13:30.875
which species collide more or
less. But there's this

911b6599-95fe-4d5a-897b-ed4687c04c5b-9
00:13:30.875 --> 00:13:32.559
additional thing that you know,

14ecec90-f188-4519-b6e8-16624dcc497b-0
00:13:32.900 --> 00:13:36.537
all else being equal, more
common species collide more than

14ecec90-f188-4519-b6e8-16624dcc497b-1
00:13:36.537 --> 00:13:40.175
less common species. So we've
tried to account for that and

14ecec90-f188-4519-b6e8-16624dcc497b-2
00:13:40.175 --> 00:13:43.146
come up with more, you know,
estimates of actual

14ecec90-f188-4519-b6e8-16624dcc497b-3
00:13:43.146 --> 00:13:46.602
vulnerability to collisions
after accounting for species

14ecec90-f188-4519-b6e8-16624dcc497b-4
00:13:46.602 --> 00:13:50.482
abundance. In 2014, again based
on my postdoc work that brought

14ecec90-f188-4519-b6e8-16624dcc497b-5
00:13:50.482 --> 00:13:53.817
together data sources from
around the US, we generated

14ecec90-f188-4519-b6e8-16624dcc497b-6
00:13:53.817 --> 00:13:57.212
really thorough lists of
species-specific vulnerability

14ecec90-f188-4519-b6e8-16624dcc497b-7
00:13:57.212 --> 00:14:00.668
to bird window collisions.
Again, species that given the

14ecec90-f188-4519-b6e8-16624dcc497b-8
00:14:00.668 --> 00:14:02.730
amount, or given their
abundance,

11c7663f-bf9d-426e-8ce8-7ae1bdd2dd2b-0
00:14:02.910 --> 00:14:06.835
colliding greater or less
proportion than expected. As an

11c7663f-bf9d-426e-8ce8-7ae1bdd2dd2b-1
00:14:06.835 --> 00:14:10.828
example, here the top 25 species
shown to be vulnerable to

11c7663f-bf9d-426e-8ce8-7ae1bdd2dd2b-2
00:14:10.828 --> 00:14:14.347
collisions based on that work
include many of those

11c7663f-bf9d-426e-8ce8-7ae1bdd2dd2b-3
00:14:14.347 --> 00:14:18.543
long-distance nocturnal migrants
like warblers, hummingbirds,

11c7663f-bf9d-426e-8ce8-7ae1bdd2dd2b-4
00:14:18.543 --> 00:14:20.100
American Woodcock, etc.

c8d16d8f-159c-443f-b6ce-5c169dd68812-0
00:14:21.250 --> 00:14:24.643
Nope. Anna's Hummingbird is on
the top there with a really,

c8d16d8f-159c-443f-b6ce-5c169dd68812-1
00:14:24.643 --> 00:14:27.754
really high-risk estimate. We do
think that species is

c8d16d8f-159c-443f-b6ce-5c169dd68812-2
00:14:27.754 --> 00:14:31.488
disproportionately vulnerable to
collisions, but that number is a

c8d16d8f-159c-443f-b6ce-5c169dd68812-3
00:14:31.488 --> 00:14:35.108
bit inflated likely due to the
relatively small number of study

c8d16d8f-159c-443f-b6ce-5c169dd68812-4
00:14:35.108 --> 00:14:37.880
areas and study sites with data
on that species.

7e44470e-c49e-48f1-b970-4c5c763a9932-0
00:14:39.490 --> 00:14:43.121
Note really based on that EREN
study, which I mentioned, was

7e44470e-c49e-48f1-b970-4c5c763a9932-1
00:14:43.121 --> 00:14:46.931
based on data collection at 40
different study sites across the

7e44470e-c49e-48f1-b970-4c5c763a9932-2
00:14:46.931 --> 00:14:50.444
US, we had access to that data
specifically for one of the

7e44470e-c49e-48f1-b970-4c5c763a9932-3
00:14:50.444 --> 00:14:54.016
dissertation chapters that
previous PhD student at OSU, Dr.

7e44470e-c49e-48f1-b970-4c5c763a9932-4
00:14:54.016 --> 00:14:57.707
Jared Elmore led. We repeated
our 2014 study and came up with

7e44470e-c49e-48f1-b970-4c5c763a9932-5
00:14:57.707 --> 00:15:00.743
again, estimates of
species-specific vulnerability

7e44470e-c49e-48f1-b970-4c5c763a9932-6
00:15:00.743 --> 00:15:04.315
to collisions. Jared's study,
again based on the EREN data,

7e44470e-c49e-48f1-b970-4c5c763a9932-7
00:15:04.315 --> 00:15:07.113
found that some of the same
species emerged as

7e44470e-c49e-48f1-b970-4c5c763a9932-8
00:15:07.113 --> 00:15:10.090
disproportionately vulnerable as
we showed in our

2aa10850-a75d-43d2-8ca6-ec66d04f4ad5-0
00:15:10.160 --> 00:15:13.011
2014 study including species
like the Ruby-throated

2aa10850-a75d-43d2-8ca6-ec66d04f4ad5-1
00:15:13.011 --> 00:15:16.301
Hummingbird and Black-throated
Blue Warbler; whereas, other

2aa10850-a75d-43d2-8ca6-ec66d04f4ad5-2
00:15:16.301 --> 00:15:19.646
species emerged as vulnerable
for the first time, including,

2aa10850-a75d-43d2-8ca6-ec66d04f4ad5-3
00:15:19.646 --> 00:15:22.991
for example, Brown Thrasher and
White-breasted Nuthatch. And

2aa10850-a75d-43d2-8ca6-ec66d04f4ad5-4
00:15:22.991 --> 00:15:26.062
we're not certain why this
different pattern of species

2aa10850-a75d-43d2-8ca6-ec66d04f4ad5-5
00:15:26.062 --> 00:15:29.461
vulnerability emerged. We think
it might be either due to the

2aa10850-a75d-43d2-8ca6-ec66d04f4ad5-6
00:15:29.461 --> 00:15:32.971
fact that we captured a broader
portion of the United States in

2aa10850-a75d-43d2-8ca6-ec66d04f4ad5-7
00:15:32.971 --> 00:15:36.371
the EREN data set and or that
the more systematic approach to

2aa10850-a75d-43d2-8ca6-ec66d04f4ad5-8
00:15:36.371 --> 00:15:39.441
data collection among the
different sites allowed these

2aa10850-a75d-43d2-8ca6-ec66d04f4ad5-9
00:15:39.441 --> 00:15:40.100
patterns of 

86287b04-aff7-4aef-879e-11c5a0c930de-0
00:15:40.240 --> 00:15:41.200
vulnerability to emerge.

2d05f667-ccd5-42d4-b072-65c407939c8c-0
00:15:42.950 --> 00:15:46.071
So we've also assessed seasonal
patterns in bird window

2d05f667-ccd5-42d4-b072-65c407939c8c-1
00:15:46.071 --> 00:15:49.472
collisions. Again based on my
postdoc work bringing together

2d05f667-ccd5-42d4-b072-65c407939c8c-2
00:15:49.472 --> 00:15:52.928
all the data on this issue of
bird window collisions that was

2d05f667-ccd5-42d4-b072-65c407939c8c-3
00:15:52.928 --> 00:15:56.551
present at the time when we did
that work back in 2013, 2014, we

2d05f667-ccd5-42d4-b072-65c407939c8c-4
00:15:56.551 --> 00:15:58.670
found some pretty clear patterns
that

837a44f9-450b-48b5-a9d5-f3f269d1a308-0
00:15:59.410 --> 00:16:03.043
a bird window collisions peak in
both spring and fall migration,

837a44f9-450b-48b5-a9d5-f3f269d1a308-1
00:16:03.043 --> 00:16:06.341
especially in fall migration.
And this pattern matches the

837a44f9-450b-48b5-a9d5-f3f269d1a308-2
00:16:06.341 --> 00:16:09.528
seasonal pattern of collisions
that we see with a lot of

837a44f9-450b-48b5-a9d5-f3f269d1a308-3
00:16:09.528 --> 00:16:12.267
different types of tall
structures, such as wind

837a44f9-450b-48b5-a9d5-f3f269d1a308-4
00:16:12.267 --> 00:16:14.895
turbines for example,
communication powers for

837a44f9-450b-48b5-a9d5-f3f269d1a308-5
00:16:14.895 --> 00:16:18.025
example. So again, on sort of
like a national basis the

837a44f9-450b-48b5-a9d5-f3f269d1a308-6
00:16:18.025 --> 00:16:18.920
pattern is that,

f4c7effd-e590-471c-a2d4-3566abcf8e5d-0
00:16:19.620 --> 00:16:23.424
not surprisingly, because mostly
migratory species are affected,

f4c7effd-e590-471c-a2d4-3566abcf8e5d-1
00:16:23.424 --> 00:16:27.111
the collision peaks occur during
the spring and fall migration

f4c7effd-e590-471c-a2d4-3566abcf8e5d-2
00:16:27.111 --> 00:16:27.580
seasons.

f1f0c73d-75ca-440c-a09d-3e403641cfd4-0
00:16:28.390 --> 00:16:31.446
But notably, there is some
nuance here to these seasonal

f1f0c73d-75ca-440c-a09d-3e403641cfd4-1
00:16:31.446 --> 00:16:34.770
patterns that might emerge in
individual study areas. Uh, Dr.

f1f0c73d-75ca-440c-a09d-3e403641cfd4-2
00:16:34.770 --> 00:16:37.826
Corey Riding another past OSU
grad student, specifically

f1f0c73d-75ca-440c-a09d-3e403641cfd4-3
00:16:37.826 --> 00:16:41.150
addressed this here at our OSU
study site. He found a pattern

f1f0c73d-75ca-440c-a09d-3e403641cfd4-4
00:16:41.150 --> 00:16:44.421
that in some ways matched that
national pattern where we saw

f1f0c73d-75ca-440c-a09d-3e403641cfd4-5
00:16:44.421 --> 00:16:47.316
peaks in collisions during
spring and fall migration.

f1f0c73d-75ca-440c-a09d-3e403641cfd4-6
00:16:47.316 --> 00:16:50.587
However, he saw sort of the
opposite pattern. Whereas in the

f1f0c73d-75ca-440c-a09d-3e403641cfd4-7
00:16:50.587 --> 00:16:53.429
national estimates we came up
with a pattern of more

f1f0c73d-75ca-440c-a09d-3e403641cfd4-8
00:16:53.429 --> 00:16:56.699
collisions occurring in fall
than spring. Cory found here on

f1f0c73d-75ca-440c-a09d-3e403641cfd4-9
00:16:56.699 --> 00:16:58.629
our study area that more
collisions

c03c0590-9d5d-4394-bd2c-ad6872a84070-0
00:16:58.720 --> 00:17:02.225
occur in spring than fall, and
we think this is due to there

c03c0590-9d5d-4394-bd2c-ad6872a84070-1
00:17:02.225 --> 00:17:05.730
being both a large number of
spring migrants that collide as

c03c0590-9d5d-4394-bd2c-ad6872a84070-2
00:17:05.730 --> 00:17:09.005
well as a large number of
breeding resident species that

c03c0590-9d5d-4394-bd2c-ad6872a84070-3
00:17:09.005 --> 00:17:12.625
occurred near the buildings that
we monitored leading to their

c03c0590-9d5d-4394-bd2c-ad6872a84070-4
00:17:12.625 --> 00:17:15.786
being high total numbers of
collisions in spring, even

c03c0590-9d5d-4394-bd2c-ad6872a84070-5
00:17:15.786 --> 00:17:19.061
higher than in fall, again due
to a large number of both

c03c0590-9d5d-4394-bd2c-ad6872a84070-6
00:17:19.061 --> 00:17:21.360
migratory and resident species
present.

cd4801eb-c034-436c-a7cd-cd827430c72a-0
00:17:23.050 --> 00:17:26.499
We've also generated estimates
of variation in collisions

cd4801eb-c034-436c-a7cd-cd827430c72a-1
00:17:26.499 --> 00:17:29.890
across the time of day at a
subset of our buildings. Dr.

cd4801eb-c034-436c-a7cd-cd827430c72a-2
00:17:29.890 --> 00:17:33.637
Riding again, this part of his
study conducted surveys both at

cd4801eb-c034-436c-a7cd-cd827430c72a-3
00:17:33.637 --> 00:17:37.444
morning times during the early
morning around daybreak, as well

cd4801eb-c034-436c-a7cd-cd827430c72a-4
00:17:37.444 --> 00:17:40.597
as midday and evening. And we
found in his work that

cd4801eb-c034-436c-a7cd-cd827430c72a-5
00:17:40.597 --> 00:17:44.404
collisions appear to peak around
sunrise, at least in our study

cd4801eb-c034-436c-a7cd-cd827430c72a-6
00:17:44.404 --> 00:17:47.913
area in this region, which is
interesting in terms of just

cd4801eb-c034-436c-a7cd-cd827430c72a-7
00:17:47.913 --> 00:17:51.541
quantifying the variation when
collisions occur, but it also

cd4801eb-c034-436c-a7cd-cd827430c72a-8
00:17:51.541 --> 00:17:52.910
has direct application 

e30d26f0-6903-4913-b71f-b3eebf5ebed8-0
00:17:53.120 --> 00:17:56.058
for researchers that hope to
study this issue. We would

e30d26f0-6903-4913-b71f-b3eebf5ebed8-1
00:17:56.058 --> 00:17:59.207
suggest, based on our work and
also a matching pattern that

e30d26f0-6903-4913-b71f-b3eebf5ebed8-2
00:17:59.207 --> 00:18:02.041
emerged from our Minnesota
study, that if you want to

e30d26f0-6903-4913-b71f-b3eebf5ebed8-3
00:18:02.041 --> 00:18:05.137
capture the the majority of the
collisions that occur, you

e30d26f0-6903-4913-b71f-b3eebf5ebed8-4
00:18:05.137 --> 00:18:08.339
should primarily focus your
surveys during the early morning

e30d26f0-6903-4913-b71f-b3eebf5ebed8-5
00:18:08.339 --> 00:18:11.593
periods, especially starting
around or shortly after sunrise.

e30d26f0-6903-4913-b71f-b3eebf5ebed8-6
00:18:11.593 --> 00:18:14.479
If you start later than that,
you may miss more of the

e30d26f0-6903-4913-b71f-b3eebf5ebed8-7
00:18:14.479 --> 00:18:17.523
carcasses, including those that
might get removed between

e30d26f0-6903-4913-b71f-b3eebf5ebed8-8
00:18:17.523 --> 00:18:19.570
daybreak and when you do your
surveys.

0fdb8415-5b84-441e-af66-47312f8f0f72-0
00:18:21.380 --> 00:18:24.249
We also know that weather
variation contributes to

0fdb8415-5b84-441e-af66-47312f8f0f72-1
00:18:24.249 --> 00:18:27.400
day-to-day variation in bird
window collisions. This is

0fdb8415-5b84-441e-af66-47312f8f0f72-2
00:18:27.400 --> 00:18:30.719
Burke, led by Sirena Lao,
another grad student that we had

0fdb8415-5b84-441e-af66-47312f8f0f72-3
00:18:30.719 --> 00:18:34.095
here at OSU, and based on our
work in Minnesota. She did an

0fdb8415-5b84-441e-af66-47312f8f0f72-4
00:18:34.095 --> 00:18:37.584
analysis showing that several
types of weather conditions can

0fdb8415-5b84-441e-af66-47312f8f0f72-5
00:18:37.584 --> 00:18:41.072
elevate collisions, including
weather favoring migration. So,

0fdb8415-5b84-441e-af66-47312f8f0f72-6
00:18:41.072 --> 00:18:44.279
for example, tailwinds,
including south winds and spring

0fdb8415-5b84-441e-af66-47312f8f0f72-7
00:18:44.279 --> 00:18:47.824
migration, and north winds and
fall migration can elevate both

0fdb8415-5b84-441e-af66-47312f8f0f72-8
00:18:47.824 --> 00:18:51.200
bird migration activity as well
as the number of collisions

6e06d0ea-91a5-4442-ada7-865b82c98f5d-0
00:18:51.390 --> 00:18:51.780
that occur.

79adddb9-5cfb-4ee2-bec2-1114eb0c49b9-0
00:18:52.770 --> 00:18:56.134
Sirena also found that weather
changes during the night of,

79adddb9-5cfb-4ee2-bec2-1114eb0c49b9-1
00:18:56.134 --> 00:18:59.668
such as tailwinds early in the
night, changing to headwinds or

79adddb9-5cfb-4ee2-bec2-1114eb0c49b9-2
00:18:59.668 --> 00:19:03.032
precipitation late in the night
can lead to high numbers of

79adddb9-5cfb-4ee2-bec2-1114eb0c49b9-3
00:19:03.032 --> 00:19:06.678
collisions, likely due to large
numbers of migratory birds being

79adddb9-5cfb-4ee2-bec2-1114eb0c49b9-4
00:19:06.678 --> 00:19:09.650
grounded in suboptimal
conditions near cities and in

79adddb9-5cfb-4ee2-bec2-1114eb0c49b9-5
00:19:09.650 --> 00:19:11.950
near buildings, causing them to
collide.

fa4d9d40-f0f1-4ab4-b4fd-14e233e7fc31-0
00:19:12.790 --> 00:19:16.307
We also have a companion study
related to the Minnesota work

fa4d9d40-f0f1-4ab4-b4fd-14e233e7fc31-1
00:19:16.307 --> 00:19:19.651
that Sirena led that showed
specifically for the American

fa4d9d40-f0f1-4ab4-b4fd-14e233e7fc31-2
00:19:19.651 --> 00:19:23.399
Woodcock, the migratory species
of technically a shore bird, but

fa4d9d40-f0f1-4ab4-b4fd-14e233e7fc31-3
00:19:23.399 --> 00:19:26.743
a terrestrial shorebird, they
collide in relatively large

fa4d9d40-f0f1-4ab4-b4fd-14e233e7fc31-4
00:19:26.743 --> 00:19:29.453
numbers in in spring and
Minnesota in downtown

fa4d9d40-f0f1-4ab4-b4fd-14e233e7fc31-5
00:19:29.453 --> 00:19:32.682
Minneapolis, especially in
association with late spring

fa4d9d40-f0f1-4ab4-b4fd-14e233e7fc31-6
00:19:32.682 --> 00:19:36.084
snowstorms. We documented this
to occur in a couple of the

fa4d9d40-f0f1-4ab4-b4fd-14e233e7fc31-7
00:19:36.084 --> 00:19:39.313
major snowstorms that occurred
in March and April in in

fa4d9d40-f0f1-4ab4-b4fd-14e233e7fc31-8
00:19:39.313 --> 00:19:42.599
Minneapolis, again pointing to
the importance of weather

91dffd84-4726-4fba-804a-8ee6c694eb81-0
00:19:42.730 --> 00:19:46.071
potentially influencing when
peaks of bird window collisions

91dffd84-4726-4fba-804a-8ee6c694eb81-1
00:19:46.071 --> 00:19:46.400
occur.

7712772d-94db-4efb-8c41-9764f2ffaceb-0
00:19:48.650 --> 00:19:51.834
In our research, and through
other research by many other

7712772d-94db-4efb-8c41-9764f2ffaceb-1
00:19:51.834 --> 00:19:55.239
groups, there's also emerging a
pretty clear understanding of

7712772d-94db-4efb-8c41-9764f2ffaceb-2
00:19:55.239 --> 00:19:58.753
spatial variation in bird window
collisions in association with

7712772d-94db-4efb-8c41-9764f2ffaceb-3
00:19:58.753 --> 00:20:01.773
factors like the buildings
themselves as well as their

7712772d-94db-4efb-8c41-9764f2ffaceb-4
00:20:01.773 --> 00:20:05.287
surroundings. So the amount of
glass on a building, perhaps not

7712772d-94db-4efb-8c41-9764f2ffaceb-5
00:20:05.287 --> 00:20:08.362
surprisingly, is strongly
correlated with the number of

7712772d-94db-4efb-8c41-9764f2ffaceb-6
00:20:08.362 --> 00:20:11.711
collisions that occur. Maybe
more surprisingly, the presence

7712772d-94db-4efb-8c41-9764f2ffaceb-7
00:20:11.711 --> 00:20:15.170
of vegetation both immediately
near windows and in the broader

7712772d-94db-4efb-8c41-9764f2ffaceb-8
00:20:15.170 --> 00:20:18.740
landscape such as park land near
buildings, does appear to also,

6c148446-2ffe-44d3-9d75-7634adaa2f69-0
00:20:18.810 --> 00:20:22.782
elevatate numbers of collisions,
probably by bringing more birds

6c148446-2ffe-44d3-9d75-7634adaa2f69-1
00:20:22.782 --> 00:20:26.205
into close proximity with
buildings due to provision of

6c148446-2ffe-44d3-9d75-7634adaa2f69-2
00:20:26.205 --> 00:20:28.650
food resources, nesting
locations, etc.

26fcb29c-bf97-46c2-b6f5-69e3c1ccde31-0
00:20:29.610 --> 00:20:32.999
We've also found evidence based
on our work here at OSU that the

26fcb29c-bf97-46c2-b6f5-69e3c1ccde31-1
00:20:32.999 --> 00:20:36.284
the shape of the building can
come into play in affecting bird

26fcb29c-bf97-46c2-b6f5-69e3c1ccde31-2
00:20:36.284 --> 00:20:39.100
window collisions. And
especially buildings that have

26fcb29c-bf97-46c2-b6f5-69e3c1ccde31-3
00:20:39.100 --> 00:20:42.332
sort of an alcove like shape as
shown in the lower left image

26fcb29c-bf97-46c2-b6f5-69e3c1ccde31-4
00:20:42.332 --> 00:20:45.148
where there's sort of a
horizontal indentation in the

26fcb29c-bf97-46c2-b6f5-69e3c1ccde31-5
00:20:45.148 --> 00:20:48.433
building that leads to a large
pane of glass that that type of

26fcb29c-bf97-46c2-b6f5-69e3c1ccde31-6
00:20:48.433 --> 00:20:51.718
building shape and design can be
particularly problematic. And

26fcb29c-bf97-46c2-b6f5-69e3c1ccde31-7
00:20:51.718 --> 00:20:54.899
then finally, as have other
research groups recently through

26fcb29c-bf97-46c2-b6f5-69e3c1ccde31-8
00:20:54.899 --> 00:20:58.080
our work with Sirena Lao and
Minnesota, we've shown that the

26fcb29c-bf97-46c2-b6f5-69e3c1ccde31-9
00:20:58.080 --> 00:20:59.540
amount of nighttime lighting

eab3e381-fb38-43f0-abc6-9a3ba26dd5ec-0
00:20:59.610 --> 00:21:03.168
that's emitted from buildings at
night also contributes to the

eab3e381-fb38-43f0-abc6-9a3ba26dd5ec-1
00:21:03.168 --> 00:21:06.387
number of collisions that occur.
More light emitted from

eab3e381-fb38-43f0-abc6-9a3ba26dd5ec-2
00:21:06.387 --> 00:21:10.001
buildings at night increases the
numbers of collisions. And all

eab3e381-fb38-43f0-abc6-9a3ba26dd5ec-3
00:21:10.001 --> 00:21:13.333
of these different sort of
correlates of spatial variation

eab3e381-fb38-43f0-abc6-9a3ba26dd5ec-4
00:21:13.333 --> 00:21:16.835
and bird window collisions do
point to potential solutions to

eab3e381-fb38-43f0-abc6-9a3ba26dd5ec-5
00:21:16.835 --> 00:21:20.224
reduce collisions, such as
designing buildings to have less

eab3e381-fb38-43f0-abc6-9a3ba26dd5ec-6
00:21:20.224 --> 00:21:23.782
glass, or using glass that is
less transparent and reflective,

eab3e381-fb38-43f0-abc6-9a3ba26dd5ec-7
00:21:23.782 --> 00:21:27.170
such as some of the examples
I'll show you in a few slides,

eab3e381-fb38-43f0-abc6-9a3ba26dd5ec-8
00:21:27.170 --> 00:21:30.390
or to perhaps not remove
vegetation from your buildings,

1e651fca-c720-4a18-9244-96415b040990-0
00:21:30.460 --> 00:21:34.071
but to at least potentially
prioritize treating glass that

1e651fca-c720-4a18-9244-96415b040990-1
00:21:34.071 --> 00:21:38.051
occurs near areas with extensive
surrounding vegetation and park

1e651fca-c720-4a18-9244-96415b040990-2
00:21:38.051 --> 00:21:40.500
land, the goal is to reduce
collisions.

d8802a04-3ca9-4325-93c7-925e4d18239d-0
00:21:42.170 --> 00:21:45.615
We've also directly, in addition
to quantifying spatial and

d8802a04-3ca9-4325-93c7-925e4d18239d-1
00:21:45.615 --> 00:21:48.544
temporal and species related
patterns of collision

d8802a04-3ca9-4325-93c7-925e4d18239d-2
00:21:48.544 --> 00:21:52.219
variability, we've also directly
evaluated potential approaches

d8802a04-3ca9-4325-93c7-925e4d18239d-3
00:21:52.219 --> 00:21:55.492
to reduce collisions. Now one of
these approaches is the

d8802a04-3ca9-4325-93c7-925e4d18239d-4
00:21:55.492 --> 00:21:58.995
potential use of NEXRAD weather
radar to predict bird window

d8802a04-3ca9-4325-93c7-925e4d18239d-5
00:21:58.995 --> 00:22:02.785
collisions. If you're interested
in migratory birds or birding at

d8802a04-3ca9-4325-93c7-925e4d18239d-6
00:22:02.785 --> 00:22:06.460
all, you've likely seen products
such as this BirdCast from the

d8802a04-3ca9-4325-93c7-925e4d18239d-7
00:22:06.460 --> 00:22:09.389
Cornell Lab of Ornithology,
which is based on well

d8802a04-3ca9-4325-93c7-925e4d18239d-8
00:22:09.389 --> 00:22:12.720
documented links between weather
conditions and migration

d0438562-95a5-4963-807b-32a46404f6a2-0
00:22:12.790 --> 00:22:16.037
passage rates over different
parts of the country. They

d0438562-95a5-4963-807b-32a46404f6a2-1
00:22:16.037 --> 00:22:19.864
generate these maps on a nightly
basis during migration, with the

d0438562-95a5-4963-807b-32a46404f6a2-2
00:22:19.864 --> 00:22:23.401
goal of predicting where large
numbers of birds are going to

d0438562-95a5-4963-807b-32a46404f6a2-3
00:22:23.401 --> 00:22:26.996
be. There's also interest in
using these types of forecasting

d0438562-95a5-4963-807b-32a46404f6a2-4
00:22:26.996 --> 00:22:30.475
tools to predict collisions,
under the idea that more birds

d0438562-95a5-4963-807b-32a46404f6a2-5
00:22:30.475 --> 00:22:34.070
migrating should result in more
collisions occurring in those

d0438562-95a5-4963-807b-32a46404f6a2-6
00:22:34.070 --> 00:22:37.607
areas. However, until recently,
there hasn't really been any

d0438562-95a5-4963-807b-32a46404f6a2-7
00:22:37.607 --> 00:22:40.912
research validating the
potential use of these BirdCasts

d0438562-95a5-4963-807b-32a46404f6a2-8
00:22:40.912 --> 00:22:43.000
for actually predicting
collisions,

6b1d4c0a-a945-4267-b7da-5b27b90a88f9-0
00:22:43.080 --> 00:22:45.110
in addition to predicting
migration volume.

ce95d148-8c4d-4b7d-95b1-dc0c7540e763-0
00:22:47.110 --> 00:22:50.608
Through Dr. Jared Elmore's
research again here at OSU and

ce95d148-8c4d-4b7d-95b1-dc0c7540e763-1
00:22:50.608 --> 00:22:54.045
in collaboration with the
Cornell Lab and Kyle Horton at

ce95d148-8c4d-4b7d-95b1-dc0c7540e763-2
00:22:54.045 --> 00:22:58.026
Colorado State University, we've
directly addressed this question

ce95d148-8c4d-4b7d-95b1-dc0c7540e763-3
00:22:58.026 --> 00:23:01.463
of whether weather radar and the
types of tools that are

ce95d148-8c4d-4b7d-95b1-dc0c7540e763-4
00:23:01.463 --> 00:23:04.901
generated from it, like the
BirdCast, can indeed predict

ce95d148-8c4d-4b7d-95b1-dc0c7540e763-5
00:23:04.901 --> 00:23:08.640
bird window collisions. So what
what Jared did is he lined up

ce95d148-8c4d-4b7d-95b1-dc0c7540e763-6
00:23:08.640 --> 00:23:12.380
nightly data on bird migration
derived from NEXRAD radar with

ce95d148-8c4d-4b7d-95b1-dc0c7540e763-7
00:23:12.380 --> 00:23:15.335
the data we have on daily
numbers of bird window

ce95d148-8c4d-4b7d-95b1-dc0c7540e763-8
00:23:15.335 --> 00:23:16.240
collisions here

b015d727-c9b6-40f8-8ca3-81e80ee770ad-0
00:23:16.330 --> 00:23:19.030
in Stillwater, based on Corey
Riding's research here.

e40c2a15-76e1-4d7b-b925-b09933a5aab8-0
00:23:20.430 --> 00:23:23.643
Jared found is that there is
indeed a correlation that on

e40c2a15-76e1-4d7b-b925-b09933a5aab8-1
00:23:23.643 --> 00:23:27.188
nights where radar showed large
numbers of birds were migrating

e40c2a15-76e1-4d7b-b925-b09933a5aab8-2
00:23:27.188 --> 00:23:30.290
overhead over Stillwater, we
tend to find more birds as

e40c2a15-76e1-4d7b-b925-b09933a5aab8-3
00:23:30.290 --> 00:23:33.669
collision fatalities the next
morning. And this relationship

e40c2a15-76e1-4d7b-b925-b09933a5aab8-4
00:23:33.669 --> 00:23:37.160
was especially strong when radar
indicated that the birds were

e40c2a15-76e1-4d7b-b925-b09933a5aab8-5
00:23:37.160 --> 00:23:40.760
migrating at lower altitudes. So
this study provided some of the

e40c2a15-76e1-4d7b-b925-b09933a5aab8-6
00:23:40.760 --> 00:23:43.918
first evidence that this, this
radar-based prediction of

e40c2a15-76e1-4d7b-b925-b09933a5aab8-7
00:23:43.918 --> 00:23:47.297
migration may indeed also be
useful for helping predict when

e40c2a15-76e1-4d7b-b925-b09933a5aab8-8
00:23:47.297 --> 00:23:50.400
collisions occur. And that could
allow us to, you know,

9c6bb522-5657-4821-b000-837795decc8c-0
00:23:50.490 --> 00:23:53.449
target in time some of the
collision mitigation approaches

9c6bb522-5657-4821-b000-837795decc8c-1
00:23:53.449 --> 00:23:56.258
that we might use, such as
reducing lights at night for

9c6bb522-5657-4821-b000-837795decc8c-2
00:23:56.258 --> 00:23:56.660
example.

3df8fe49-95c8-48de-93eb-6d2b179977bb-0
00:23:58.410 --> 00:24:02.249
We've also done research where
we've directly addressed the

3df8fe49-95c8-48de-93eb-6d2b179977bb-1
00:24:02.249 --> 00:24:06.217
potential use of films, markers
and other types of treatments

3df8fe49-95c8-48de-93eb-6d2b179977bb-2
00:24:06.217 --> 00:24:09.673
placed on or over glass to
reduce the transparent and

3df8fe49-95c8-48de-93eb-6d2b179977bb-3
00:24:09.673 --> 00:24:13.448
reflective properties of glass
and thus reduce bird window

3df8fe49-95c8-48de-93eb-6d2b179977bb-4
00:24:13.448 --> 00:24:17.416
collisions. So for example, a
couple of years ago when led by

3df8fe49-95c8-48de-93eb-6d2b179977bb-5
00:24:17.416 --> 00:24:21.384
a master student, Georgia Riggs,
who I think I saw is on this

3df8fe49-95c8-48de-93eb-6d2b179977bb-6
00:24:21.384 --> 00:24:25.096
call or on this on this webinar,
led a study of a Feather

3df8fe49-95c8-48de-93eb-6d2b179977bb-7
00:24:25.096 --> 00:24:28.359
Friendly company film on our OSU
bus shelters that

9efabc89-5d34-4e69-a27c-022a3db97d88-0
00:24:28.430 --> 00:24:31.169
had previously been identified
to be problematic for bird

9efabc89-5d34-4e69-a27c-022a3db97d88-1
00:24:31.169 --> 00:24:34.051
window collisions, and you can
see that marker those markers

9efabc89-5d34-4e69-a27c-022a3db97d88-2
00:24:34.051 --> 00:24:36.130
shown in the right-hand image on
the slide.

c71c50f2-1121-4ec9-8b4b-4c4129c9a99f-0
00:24:37.480 --> 00:24:40.801
What we did is what's called a
before-after control impact

c71c50f2-1121-4ec9-8b4b-4c4129c9a99f-1
00:24:40.801 --> 00:24:44.348
study where we had baseline data
on all of the bus shelters in

c71c50f2-1121-4ec9-8b4b-4c4129c9a99f-2
00:24:44.348 --> 00:24:48.064
Stillwater before treatment with
this Feather Friendly marker and

c71c50f2-1121-4ec9-8b4b-4c4129c9a99f-3
00:24:48.064 --> 00:24:51.217
then half of the shelters were
treated with the Feather

c71c50f2-1121-4ec9-8b4b-4c4129c9a99f-4
00:24:51.217 --> 00:24:54.369
Friendly markers and we
monitored treated and untreated

c71c50f2-1121-4ec9-8b4b-4c4129c9a99f-5
00:24:54.369 --> 00:24:57.184
shelters in in the
post-treatment period as well.

c71c50f2-1121-4ec9-8b4b-4c4129c9a99f-6
00:24:57.184 --> 00:25:00.788
What we found what Georgia found
was pretty compelling evidence

c71c50f2-1121-4ec9-8b4b-4c4129c9a99f-7
00:25:00.788 --> 00:25:04.222
that at least this this Feather
Friendly, 2 by 2-inch window

c71c50f2-1121-4ec9-8b4b-4c4129c9a99f-8
00:25:04.222 --> 00:25:07.150
marker was really effective at
reducing bird window

2f7f598a-78c9-4152-8203-c22dcbffb120-0
00:25:07.220 --> 00:25:10.714
collisions at these glass bus
shelters. As you can see by the

2f7f598a-78c9-4152-8203-c22dcbffb120-1
00:25:10.714 --> 00:25:13.645
yellow line, the number of
collisions substantially

2f7f598a-78c9-4152-8203-c22dcbffb120-2
00:25:13.645 --> 00:25:17.364
decreased from the pre-treatment
period in 2016 to 2020. And this

2f7f598a-78c9-4152-8203-c22dcbffb120-3
00:25:17.364 --> 00:25:20.633
impact or this reduction is
especially notable because at

2f7f598a-78c9-4152-8203-c22dcbffb120-4
00:25:20.633 --> 00:25:23.902
the untreated shelters, shown by
the blue line, we saw an

2f7f598a-78c9-4152-8203-c22dcbffb120-5
00:25:23.902 --> 00:25:27.171
increase in collisions. So the
film or the marker was was

2f7f598a-78c9-4152-8203-c22dcbffb120-6
00:25:27.171 --> 00:25:30.440
apparently effective even given
an increase in background

2f7f598a-78c9-4152-8203-c22dcbffb120-7
00:25:30.440 --> 00:25:34.047
numbers of collisions that may
have been occurring in our study

2f7f598a-78c9-4152-8203-c22dcbffb120-8
00:25:34.047 --> 00:25:35.400
area during that period.

7e486f24-5e75-49b8-9103-bd6e09ee2f4e-0
00:25:38.240 --> 00:25:41.593
But the last thing I'm going to
talk about here real briefly is

7e486f24-5e75-49b8-9103-bd6e09ee2f4e-1
00:25:41.593 --> 00:25:44.213
that we've, we've started
dabbling into the human

7e486f24-5e75-49b8-9103-bd6e09ee2f4e-2
00:25:44.213 --> 00:25:47.251
dimensions of this issue as
well. Obviously, it's good to

7e486f24-5e75-49b8-9103-bd6e09ee2f4e-3
00:25:47.251 --> 00:25:50.657
know, you know, which management
approaches like window films or

7e486f24-5e75-49b8-9103-bd6e09ee2f4e-4
00:25:50.657 --> 00:25:53.958
potentially the use of weather
radar are effective at reducing

7e486f24-5e75-49b8-9103-bd6e09ee2f4e-5
00:25:53.958 --> 00:25:57.207
collisions. But another aspect
is understanding the degree of

7e486f24-5e75-49b8-9103-bd6e09ee2f4e-6
00:25:57.207 --> 00:26:00.245
public support for implementing
these types of mitigation

7e486f24-5e75-49b8-9103-bd6e09ee2f4e-7
00:26:00.245 --> 00:26:03.389
approaches. Interest of time
here I'm gonna brush over some

7e486f24-5e75-49b8-9103-bd6e09ee2f4e-8
00:26:03.389 --> 00:26:06.585
of the details in what we did.
This is work again led by OSU

7e486f24-5e75-49b8-9103-bd6e09ee2f4e-9
00:26:06.585 --> 00:26:08.210
Masters student, Georgia Riggs.

a5dfb4b1-ee8b-4e7c-b297-c8bf72572f39-0
00:26:08.320 --> 00:26:11.686
We surveyed homeowners and
conservation practitioners such

a5dfb4b1-ee8b-4e7c-b297-c8bf72572f39-1
00:26:11.686 --> 00:26:15.167
as biologists, state, federal
agencies, as well as nonprofit

a5dfb4b1-ee8b-4e7c-b297-c8bf72572f39-2
00:26:15.167 --> 00:26:18.477
organizations and asked them
about what their perceptions

a5dfb4b1-ee8b-4e7c-b297-c8bf72572f39-3
00:26:18.477 --> 00:26:21.787
were on the strengths and
weaknesses associated with with

a5dfb4b1-ee8b-4e7c-b297-c8bf72572f39-4
00:26:21.787 --> 00:26:24.070
doing bird window collision
management.

18c6b619-6247-4b01-8bfe-285119b30192-0
00:26:25.540 --> 00:26:29.177
Again, brushing over some detail
here in the interest of time,

18c6b619-6247-4b01-8bfe-285119b30192-1
00:26:29.177 --> 00:26:32.352
what we found was really
promising. The people that we

18c6b619-6247-4b01-8bfe-285119b30192-2
00:26:32.352 --> 00:26:35.528
surveyed these these homeowners
and these conservation

18c6b619-6247-4b01-8bfe-285119b30192-3
00:26:35.528 --> 00:26:38.473
professionals, had really
positive views about the

18c6b619-6247-4b01-8bfe-285119b30192-4
00:26:38.473 --> 00:26:41.475
potential for bird window
collision management. The

18c6b619-6247-4b01-8bfe-285119b30192-5
00:26:41.475 --> 00:26:44.824
benefits of doing treatments
like window films and window

18c6b619-6247-4b01-8bfe-285119b30192-6
00:26:44.824 --> 00:26:47.999
markers, and the benefits
associated with that such as

18c6b619-6247-4b01-8bfe-285119b30192-7
00:26:47.999 --> 00:26:50.944
reducing collisions and
contributing to, you know,

18c6b619-6247-4b01-8bfe-285119b30192-8
00:26:50.944 --> 00:26:54.350
halting bird population declines
were identified widely to

18c6b619-6247-4b01-8bfe-285119b30192-9
00:26:54.350 --> 00:26:55.389
outweigh obstacles

ff7b8d37-dd51-4069-89aa-15ebeded1b86-0
00:26:55.480 --> 00:26:58.984
and weaknesses associated with
those types of activities, such

ff7b8d37-dd51-4069-89aa-15ebeded1b86-1
00:26:58.984 --> 00:27:02.044
as the increased costs of
management. So this suggests

ff7b8d37-dd51-4069-89aa-15ebeded1b86-2
00:27:02.044 --> 00:27:05.493
that at least among homeowners
and conservation practitioners

ff7b8d37-dd51-4069-89aa-15ebeded1b86-3
00:27:05.493 --> 00:27:08.831
surveyed that these stakeholders
may be receptive to taking

ff7b8d37-dd51-4069-89aa-15ebeded1b86-4
00:27:08.831 --> 00:27:12.113
action to reduce bird window
collisions, which is which is

ff7b8d37-dd51-4069-89aa-15ebeded1b86-5
00:27:12.113 --> 00:27:12.670
promising.

4f994c27-602b-4650-8ba6-6bf68f0fba21-0
00:27:14.070 --> 00:27:17.233
There's a lot more work that
needs to be done on this human

4f994c27-602b-4650-8ba6-6bf68f0fba21-1
00:27:17.233 --> 00:27:20.501
dimensions aspect of the bird
window collision issue. We need

4f994c27-602b-4650-8ba6-6bf68f0fba21-2
00:27:20.501 --> 00:27:23.717
to include and and get opinions
from other key stakeholders,

4f994c27-602b-4650-8ba6-6bf68f0fba21-3
00:27:23.717 --> 00:27:26.670
such as building managers and
architects which have the

4f994c27-602b-4650-8ba6-6bf68f0fba21-4
00:27:26.670 --> 00:27:29.886
potential to enact changes in
building design and management

4f994c27-602b-4650-8ba6-6bf68f0fba21-5
00:27:29.886 --> 00:27:33.260
that actually address this issue
at a much larger scale. And we

4f994c27-602b-4650-8ba6-6bf68f0fba21-6
00:27:33.260 --> 00:27:36.423
also need to start asking more
pointed questions about, you

4f994c27-602b-4650-8ba6-6bf68f0fba21-7
00:27:36.423 --> 00:27:39.534
know, what is the level of
willingness for different types

4f994c27-602b-4650-8ba6-6bf68f0fba21-8
00:27:39.534 --> 00:27:42.750
of stakeholders to pay for these
these bird window collision

4f994c27-602b-4650-8ba6-6bf68f0fba21-9
00:27:42.750 --> 00:27:43.910
mitigation approaches.

262e3c5f-236e-48c2-80f3-dd4adce1b350-0
00:27:46.380 --> 00:27:50.386
Quickly I'll finish here to help
transition into but what Pam and

262e3c5f-236e-48c2-80f3-dd4adce1b350-1
00:27:50.386 --> 00:27:54.149
Joelle are going to be talking
about today and in in addition

262e3c5f-236e-48c2-80f3-dd4adce1b350-2
00:27:54.149 --> 00:27:57.912
to our research on this topic, I
wanted to just briefly cover

262e3c5f-236e-48c2-80f3-dd4adce1b350-3
00:27:57.912 --> 00:28:01.736
many of the tools and types of
information that are out there.

262e3c5f-236e-48c2-80f3-dd4adce1b350-4
00:28:01.736 --> 00:28:05.256
If there's a goal to address
this issue either in USGS or

262e3c5f-236e-48c2-80f3-dd4adce1b350-5
00:28:05.256 --> 00:28:09.141
maybe personally as a homeowner.
There's a lot of guidance that

262e3c5f-236e-48c2-80f3-dd4adce1b350-6
00:28:09.141 --> 00:28:12.722
exists regarding approaches to
design buildings to be more

262e3c5f-236e-48c2-80f3-dd4adce1b350-7
00:28:12.722 --> 00:28:15.879
bird-friendly from the
perspective of collisions as

262e3c5f-236e-48c2-80f3-dd4adce1b350-8
00:28:15.879 --> 00:28:17.700
well as to design and retrofit

36734b0a-f91e-41b4-bebd-eff42c10d630-0
00:28:17.770 --> 00:28:21.055
existing buildings or to
renovate buildings to make them

36734b0a-f91e-41b4-bebd-eff42c10d630-1
00:28:21.055 --> 00:28:24.284
more bird-friendly. For example,
Audubon, American Bird

36734b0a-f91e-41b4-bebd-eff42c10d630-2
00:28:24.284 --> 00:28:27.224
Conservancy, US Fish and
Wildlife Service all have

36734b0a-f91e-41b4-bebd-eff42c10d630-3
00:28:27.224 --> 00:28:30.913
extensive guidance that exists
where people can learn about how

36734b0a-f91e-41b4-bebd-eff42c10d630-4
00:28:30.913 --> 00:28:34.141
to do this. Architects,
individual homeowners, etc. can

36734b0a-f91e-41b4-bebd-eff42c10d630-5
00:28:34.141 --> 00:28:37.658
learn about ways to make their
structures more bird-friendly

36734b0a-f91e-41b4-bebd-eff42c10d630-6
00:28:37.658 --> 00:28:39.330
and thus reducing collisions.

94ce562f-c108-4107-a164-11c84db4be00-0
00:28:40.350 --> 00:28:43.707
And there's a wide variety of
approaches and products that are

94ce562f-c108-4107-a164-11c84db4be00-1
00:28:43.707 --> 00:28:47.224
available out there to help make
windows and buildings more bird-

94ce562f-c108-4107-a164-11c84db4be00-2
00:28:47.224 --> 00:28:50.528
friendly. I'm just gonna provide
a couple of examples here. I

94ce562f-c108-4107-a164-11c84db4be00-3
00:28:50.528 --> 00:28:53.672
don't really have time to be
really exhaustive here, and I

94ce562f-c108-4107-a164-11c84db4be00-4
00:28:53.672 --> 00:28:57.136
should note that I'm not really
linked to any of these companies

94ce562f-c108-4107-a164-11c84db4be00-5
00:28:57.136 --> 00:29:00.121
here. I'm just providing
examples here. I don't get any

94ce562f-c108-4107-a164-11c84db4be00-6
00:29:00.121 --> 00:29:03.265
benefit to mentioning these
companies. These are just good

94ce562f-c108-4107-a164-11c84db4be00-7
00:29:03.265 --> 00:29:06.622
examples of what's available and
what has actually been vetted

94ce562f-c108-4107-a164-11c84db4be00-8
00:29:06.622 --> 00:29:10.140
and validated to be effective in
reducing bird window collisions.

47cd0d75-54fe-414d-821a-56d941d56bce-0
00:29:10.360 --> 00:29:13.174
One category of approaches
that's available are

47cd0d75-54fe-414d-821a-56d941d56bce-1
00:29:13.174 --> 00:29:16.633
bird-friendly glass products.
These are products where the

47cd0d75-54fe-414d-821a-56d941d56bce-2
00:29:16.633 --> 00:29:20.151
glass itself has either been
etched or treated in some way,

47cd0d75-54fe-414d-821a-56d941d56bce-3
00:29:20.151 --> 00:29:23.845
for example with a UV reflecting
strips to make the glass more

47cd0d75-54fe-414d-821a-56d941d56bce-4
00:29:23.845 --> 00:29:27.129
visible to birds by breaking
apart the transparency and

47cd0d75-54fe-414d-821a-56d941d56bce-5
00:29:27.129 --> 00:29:30.588
reflectivity effects of that
glass. And this is especially

47cd0d75-54fe-414d-821a-56d941d56bce-6
00:29:30.588 --> 00:29:33.754
useful, obviously in new
construction for new glasses

47cd0d75-54fe-414d-821a-56d941d56bce-7
00:29:33.754 --> 00:29:37.565
being put in, or in renovations
where glass is being replaced at

47cd0d75-54fe-414d-821a-56d941d56bce-8
00:29:37.565 --> 00:29:38.680
existing buildings.

37f3bdf5-b13e-4207-82b9-a229a7b7e2e8-0
00:29:40.080 --> 00:29:43.549
Then there's a wide variety of
window films, markers and

37f3bdf5-b13e-4207-82b9-a229a7b7e2e8-1
00:29:43.549 --> 00:29:46.713
coverings that can be placed
over existing glass to

37f3bdf5-b13e-4207-82b9-a229a7b7e2e8-2
00:29:46.713 --> 00:29:50.061
essentially see achieve the same
thing of reducing the

37f3bdf5-b13e-4207-82b9-a229a7b7e2e8-3
00:29:50.061 --> 00:29:53.651
transparency and reflective
effects of glass and thus make

37f3bdf5-b13e-4207-82b9-a229a7b7e2e8-4
00:29:53.651 --> 00:29:57.120
them more visible, make the
glass more visible to birds.

37f3bdf5-b13e-4207-82b9-a229a7b7e2e8-5
00:29:57.120 --> 00:30:00.468
Just some examples of types of
these products that are

37f3bdf5-b13e-4207-82b9-a229a7b7e2e8-6
00:30:00.468 --> 00:30:04.058
available include CollidEscape
films, Solyx films, Feather

37f3bdf5-b13e-4207-82b9-a229a7b7e2e8-7
00:30:04.058 --> 00:30:07.406
Friendly markers. There's a
paint called Tempera paint

37f3bdf5-b13e-4207-82b9-a229a7b7e2e8-8
00:30:07.406 --> 00:30:10.510
that's designed to be visible to
birds that can be

9b4bec90-ac83-43f0-a58c-c50f17b1890f-0
00:30:10.620 --> 00:30:14.301
placed over glass, the Acopian
Bird Savers are sort of rip

9b4bec90-ac83-43f0-a58c-c50f17b1890f-1
00:30:14.301 --> 00:30:17.921
cords that are parachute cords
that are placed over glass

9b4bec90-ac83-43f0-a58c-c50f17b1890f-2
00:30:17.921 --> 00:30:21.541
without going directly on the
glass. There's just lots of

9b4bec90-ac83-43f0-a58c-c50f17b1890f-3
00:30:21.541 --> 00:30:25.098
different potential solutions
here with regard to window

9b4bec90-ac83-43f0-a58c-c50f17b1890f-4
00:30:25.098 --> 00:30:29.092
films, coverings, and markers,
and it's worth pointing out that

9b4bec90-ac83-43f0-a58c-c50f17b1890f-5
00:30:29.092 --> 00:30:33.148
the spacing of these elements is
really key. At minimum, the the

9b4bec90-ac83-43f0-a58c-c50f17b1890f-6
00:30:33.148 --> 00:30:36.893
horizontal elements need to be
spaced 2 inches apart at the

9b4bec90-ac83-43f0-a58c-c50f17b1890f-7
00:30:36.893 --> 00:30:40.387
greatest, and the vertical
elements need to be 4 inches

9b4bec90-ac83-43f0-a58c-c50f17b1890f-8
00:30:40.387 --> 00:30:40.700
apart

4e21e2ae-3a02-4d8e-9d36-74c6dfc316d8-0
00:30:40.800 --> 00:30:43.821
at the greatest, based on
experimental studies that have

4e21e2ae-3a02-4d8e-9d36-74c6dfc316d8-1
00:30:43.821 --> 00:30:46.789
been conducted showing that that
spacing is required to

4e21e2ae-3a02-4d8e-9d36-74c6dfc316d8-2
00:30:46.789 --> 00:30:50.235
significantly reduce bird window
collisions. Larger spacing than

4e21e2ae-3a02-4d8e-9d36-74c6dfc316d8-3
00:30:50.235 --> 00:30:53.415
that, you're probably not going
to achieve the results that

4e21e2ae-3a02-4d8e-9d36-74c6dfc316d8-4
00:30:53.415 --> 00:30:56.649
you're hoping for in terms of
bird collision reductions. And

4e21e2ae-3a02-4d8e-9d36-74c6dfc316d8-5
00:30:56.649 --> 00:31:00.041
there's even emerging evidence
suggesting that even more narrow

4e21e2ae-3a02-4d8e-9d36-74c6dfc316d8-6
00:31:00.041 --> 00:31:03.222
spacing, such as the 2x 2-inch
space spacing shown with the

4e21e2ae-3a02-4d8e-9d36-74c6dfc316d8-7
00:31:03.222 --> 00:31:06.402
Feather Friendly film in the
upper right, is more effective

4e21e2ae-3a02-4d8e-9d36-74c6dfc316d8-8
00:31:06.402 --> 00:31:07.940
for reducing bird collisions.

8586c4fb-f9ed-4372-8b27-30ffa54bdb1d-0
00:31:09.530 --> 00:31:13.020
Lighting reduction is obviously
a major part of this as well

8586c4fb-f9ed-4372-8b27-30ffa54bdb1d-1
00:31:13.020 --> 00:31:16.397
based on the well-established
link between nocturnal light

8586c4fb-f9ed-4372-8b27-30ffa54bdb1d-2
00:31:16.397 --> 00:31:19.945
emission at and near buildings
and the numbers of bird window

8586c4fb-f9ed-4372-8b27-30ffa54bdb1d-3
00:31:19.945 --> 00:31:23.379
collisions that occur. And
there's been numerous oftentimes

8586c4fb-f9ed-4372-8b27-30ffa54bdb1d-4
00:31:23.379 --> 00:31:26.755
community and citizen led
initiatives focused around these

8586c4fb-f9ed-4372-8b27-30ffa54bdb1d-5
00:31:26.755 --> 00:31:30.303
lighting reduction initiatives
and programs where the goal is

8586c4fb-f9ed-4372-8b27-30ffa54bdb1d-6
00:31:30.303 --> 00:31:33.966
to get public buy in, political
buy in, stakeholder buy in from

8586c4fb-f9ed-4372-8b27-30ffa54bdb1d-7
00:31:33.966 --> 00:31:37.170
from groups such as building
managers etc to reduce the

8586c4fb-f9ed-4372-8b27-30ffa54bdb1d-8
00:31:37.170 --> 00:31:39.460
amount of of lighting used at
night, to

fe68acb7-8b87-4ef4-ac24-59be54dc114e-0
00:31:39.560 --> 00:31:43.005
reduce the amount of lighting
directed up at the sky, creating

fe68acb7-8b87-4ef4-ac24-59be54dc114e-1
00:31:43.005 --> 00:31:46.451
sky glow effects that contribute
to birds being attracted into

fe68acb7-8b87-4ef4-ac24-59be54dc114e-2
00:31:46.451 --> 00:31:49.952
closer proximity to buildings,
and thus by doing this, reducing

fe68acb7-8b87-4ef4-ac24-59be54dc114e-3
00:31:49.952 --> 00:31:53.179
the numbers of collisions that
occur. And these are really

fe68acb7-8b87-4ef4-ac24-59be54dc114e-4
00:31:53.179 --> 00:31:56.407
important efforts that are
happening all over the country,

fe68acb7-8b87-4ef4-ac24-59be54dc114e-5
00:31:56.407 --> 00:31:59.907
for example by groups like the
Fatal Light Awareness Program in

fe68acb7-8b87-4ef4-ac24-59be54dc114e-6
00:31:59.907 --> 00:32:03.517
Canada, Lights Out Texas here in
the southern US, and many others

fe68acb7-8b87-4ef4-ac24-59be54dc114e-7
00:32:03.517 --> 00:32:06.635
like that. I do also like
pointing out that, while light

fe68acb7-8b87-4ef4-ac24-59be54dc114e-8
00:32:06.635 --> 00:32:09.479
reduction is a really crucial
aspect of the problem

d2eff2d2-2324-4c19-8b85-3658d9e34e59-0
00:32:09.570 --> 00:32:13.293
especially in cities, there's a
large number of collisions that

d2eff2d2-2324-4c19-8b85-3658d9e34e59-1
00:32:13.293 --> 00:32:16.900
still occur independent of light
pollution. For example, many

d2eff2d2-2324-4c19-8b85-3658d9e34e59-2
00:32:16.900 --> 00:32:20.274
bird window collisions occur
during the daytime, probably

d2eff2d2-2324-4c19-8b85-3658d9e34e59-3
00:32:20.274 --> 00:32:23.998
entirely independent of lighting
at night. And that just points

d2eff2d2-2324-4c19-8b85-3658d9e34e59-4
00:32:23.998 --> 00:32:27.663
to the idea that, you know, we
need to do light reduction, but

d2eff2d2-2324-4c19-8b85-3658d9e34e59-5
00:32:27.663 --> 00:32:30.863
also treating the glass,
reducing the transparency and

d2eff2d2-2324-4c19-8b85-3658d9e34e59-6
00:32:30.863 --> 00:32:34.644
reflectivity of glass, or using
less glass on buildings is going

d2eff2d2-2324-4c19-8b85-3658d9e34e59-7
00:32:34.644 --> 00:32:38.310
to continue to be required to
really make a major contribution

d2eff2d2-2324-4c19-8b85-3658d9e34e59-8
00:32:38.310 --> 00:32:39.590
to reducing these bird

e37fed92-bd6a-4bc5-897c-305c5d6f9d6f-0
00:32:39.800 --> 00:32:40.900
window collisions.

529b55fe-5cf0-4f18-a049-77e9b905f666-0
00:32:42.280 --> 00:32:44.984
So I'm going to stop there and
and turn it over to my

529b55fe-5cf0-4f18-a049-77e9b905f666-1
00:32:44.984 --> 00:32:48.090
co-presenters at this point, but
I would like to just briefly

529b55fe-5cf0-4f18-a049-77e9b905f666-2
00:32:48.090 --> 00:32:50.795
acknowledge the various
collaborators, assistance and

529b55fe-5cf0-4f18-a049-77e9b905f666-3
00:32:50.795 --> 00:32:53.900
funding sources that have made
all the research that I talked

529b55fe-5cf0-4f18-a049-77e9b905f666-4
00:32:53.900 --> 00:32:57.056
about today possible. So thank
you for for your attention. I'm

529b55fe-5cf0-4f18-a049-77e9b905f666-5
00:32:57.056 --> 00:32:59.109
going to turn it over to Pam and
Joelle.

debe084a-d72b-4f05-a275-80cead3e3bac-0
00:33:04.440 --> 00:33:05.810
Thanks so much Scott.

3cd43510-644e-48c4-a454-6ebe4eda75f7-0
00:33:07.110 --> 00:33:09.950
I'm going to go ahead and share
my screen.

106c72c8-58a8-44e8-8e76-bf1ae46a6119-0
00:33:11.170 --> 00:33:14.507
Um, thanks. I'm Pam Toschik, and
I'm going to get us started and

106c72c8-58a8-44e8-8e76-bf1ae46a6119-1
00:33:14.507 --> 00:33:17.383
Joelle is going to bring us
together here to talk about

106c72c8-58a8-44e8-8e76-bf1ae46a6119-2
00:33:17.383 --> 00:33:20.361
partnerships. So first, I want
to say thanks to Scott for

106c72c8-58a8-44e8-8e76-bf1ae46a6119-3
00:33:20.361 --> 00:33:23.186
giving that great overview of
collisions, research and

106c72c8-58a8-44e8-8e76-bf1ae46a6119-4
00:33:23.186 --> 00:33:26.369
effective treatments. Joelle and
I are going to be focused on

106c72c8-58a8-44e8-8e76-bf1ae46a6119-5
00:33:26.369 --> 00:33:29.142
what the Fish and Wildlife
Service is doing to reduce

106c72c8-58a8-44e8-8e76-bf1ae46a6119-6
00:33:29.142 --> 00:33:32.377
collisions and how we're working
with others to have a greater

106c72c8-58a8-44e8-8e76-bf1ae46a6119-7
00:33:32.377 --> 00:33:35.510
conservation impact. We're also
going to offer some ideas in

106c72c8-58a8-44e8-8e76-bf1ae46a6119-8
00:33:35.510 --> 00:33:38.642
case USGS would like to take
further action on this as well.

106c72c8-58a8-44e8-8e76-bf1ae46a6119-9
00:33:38.642 --> 00:33:41.210
And I just want to highlight
this particular bird

3ef14c79-f067-48da-aeb9-0c58c62b2ad5-0
00:33:41.290 --> 00:33:44.283
in this photo, here is an
Evening Grosbeak. It was banded

3ef14c79-f067-48da-aeb9-0c58c62b2ad5-1
00:33:44.283 --> 00:33:47.586
and nano tagged by David Yeaney
in Maine, and later died from a

3ef14c79-f067-48da-aeb9-0c58c62b2ad5-2
00:33:47.586 --> 00:33:50.734
collision with a home window in
Canada. Joelle wrote a story

3ef14c79-f067-48da-aeb9-0c58c62b2ad5-3
00:33:50.734 --> 00:33:54.089
about this with Stephanie Egger
that you may have seen recently,

3ef14c79-f067-48da-aeb9-0c58c62b2ad5-4
00:33:54.089 --> 00:33:57.237
and that's part of a series of
stories we're doing to try to

3ef14c79-f067-48da-aeb9-0c58c62b2ad5-5
00:33:57.237 --> 00:34:00.643
help people make that connection
between the birds that are being

3ef14c79-f067-48da-aeb9-0c58c62b2ad5-6
00:34:00.643 --> 00:34:03.843
banded, their individual life
histories and what we can do to

3ef14c79-f067-48da-aeb9-0c58c62b2ad5-7
00:34:03.843 --> 00:34:06.630
prevent collisions, because
those are all preventable

3ef14c79-f067-48da-aeb9-0c58c62b2ad5-8
00:34:06.630 --> 00:34:07.250
mortalities.

fc63ef67-1267-456e-9265-ebb544284567-0
00:34:08.330 --> 00:34:11.045
Um, so I want to give some
context first for why we're

fc63ef67-1267-456e-9265-ebb544284567-1
00:34:11.045 --> 00:34:14.056
doing this work, highlight our
shared missions and direction

fc63ef67-1267-456e-9265-ebb544284567-2
00:34:14.056 --> 00:34:17.067
from Congress, and then I'll
talk about how we're fixing our

fc63ef67-1267-456e-9265-ebb544284567-3
00:34:17.067 --> 00:34:20.079
own house and pass it on to
Joelle to talk about partnering.

fc63ef67-1267-456e-9265-ebb544284567-4
00:34:20.079 --> 00:34:23.041
I'm not going to read these
whole missions, but I just want

fc63ef67-1267-456e-9265-ebb544284567-5
00:34:23.041 --> 00:34:25.559
to highlight a few common
threads in Department of

fc63ef67-1267-456e-9265-ebb544284567-6
00:34:25.559 --> 00:34:28.718
Interior, the Service, and USGS.
We are all here to protect and

fc63ef67-1267-456e-9265-ebb544284567-7
00:34:28.718 --> 00:34:31.779
manage our natural resources,
and right now our own buildings

fc63ef67-1267-456e-9265-ebb544284567-8
00:34:31.779 --> 00:34:34.988
are killing those same resources
that we're studying and working

fc63ef67-1267-456e-9265-ebb544284567-9
00:34:34.988 --> 00:34:38.147
so hard to protect and restore
habitat for up to like a billion

fc63ef67-1267-456e-9265-ebb544284567-10
00:34:38.147 --> 00:34:38.740
birds a year

d5a6c399-981c-4ba9-aac5-079da863d9a6-0
00:34:38.830 --> 00:34:41.545
lost to window and tower
collisions. So all of these

d5a6c399-981c-4ba9-aac5-079da863d9a6-1
00:34:41.545 --> 00:34:44.670
mortalities are preventable and
we know how to prevent them.

ed190393-05d2-4dcb-b90a-5792bf5f7981-0
00:34:45.880 --> 00:34:49.336
The issues garnered attention of
people who fund our agencies.

ed190393-05d2-4dcb-b90a-5792bf5f7981-1
00:34:49.336 --> 00:34:52.298
Congress has identified
addressing bird collisions on

ed190393-05d2-4dcb-b90a-5792bf5f7981-2
00:34:52.298 --> 00:34:55.151
federal property in the
appropriations bill for the

ed190393-05d2-4dcb-b90a-5792bf5f7981-3
00:34:55.151 --> 00:34:58.443
Department and related agencies
for several years now. They

ed190393-05d2-4dcb-b90a-5792bf5f7981-4
00:34:58.443 --> 00:35:01.844
recognize the impact of bird
collisions on bird mortality and

ed190393-05d2-4dcb-b90a-5792bf5f7981-5
00:35:01.844 --> 00:35:05.191
called on us to take actions to
address collisions. And they

ed190393-05d2-4dcb-b90a-5792bf5f7981-6
00:35:05.191 --> 00:35:08.702
also commended us for our work
to reduce collisions with towers

ed190393-05d2-4dcb-b90a-5792bf5f7981-7
00:35:08.702 --> 00:35:11.994
on calling out the important
work that Joelle has done with

ed190393-05d2-4dcb-b90a-5792bf5f7981-8
00:35:11.994 --> 00:35:14.791
partners, reducing lighting and
making towers more

ed190393-05d2-4dcb-b90a-5792bf5f7981-9
00:35:14.791 --> 00:35:15.560
bird-friendly.

8cbf9419-c3af-4124-b628-4ece41d5ab26-0
00:35:17.270 --> 00:35:20.508
So Fish and Wildlife Service is
taking action. We're assessing

8cbf9419-c3af-4124-b628-4ece41d5ab26-1
00:35:20.508 --> 00:35:23.334
our risk of collisions at each
of our buildings, we're

8cbf9419-c3af-4124-b628-4ece41d5ab26-2
00:35:23.334 --> 00:35:26.213
implementing proven solutions,
and we've got some great

8cbf9419-c3af-4124-b628-4ece41d5ab26-3
00:35:26.213 --> 00:35:29.142
materials available on our
website and our SharePoint if

8cbf9419-c3af-4124-b628-4ece41d5ab26-4
00:35:29.142 --> 00:35:32.124
USGS is interested in taking
similar kinds of actions for

8cbf9419-c3af-4124-b628-4ece41d5ab26-5
00:35:32.124 --> 00:35:35.053
your buildings. The photo here
is our Northeast Regional

8cbf9419-c3af-4124-b628-4ece41d5ab26-6
00:35:35.053 --> 00:35:38.188
Office, which I'll talk more
about in a minute, but I wanted

8cbf9419-c3af-4124-b628-4ece41d5ab26-7
00:35:38.188 --> 00:35:41.272
to point out the interpretive
sign in this photo. We really

8cbf9419-c3af-4124-b628-4ece41d5ab26-8
00:35:41.272 --> 00:35:44.099
want our employees and our
visitors to learn about why

8cbf9419-c3af-4124-b628-4ece41d5ab26-9
00:35:44.099 --> 00:35:47.389
we're retrofitting our buildings
and to see some ideas for what

8cbf9419-c3af-4124-b628-4ece41d5ab26-10
00:35:47.389 --> 00:35:48.520
they could do at home.

ed45f728-3ab4-4509-be65-1a82f6ea7c45-0
00:35:49.240 --> 00:35:52.364
We are talking mostly about
retrofitting today, but I wanted

ed45f728-3ab4-4509-be65-1a82f6ea7c45-1
00:35:52.364 --> 00:35:55.643
to mention something important
that the Service did early on in

ed45f728-3ab4-4509-be65-1a82f6ea7c45-2
00:35:55.643 --> 00:35:58.921
our collisions work. We revised
our internal building policy so

ed45f728-3ab4-4509-be65-1a82f6ea7c45-3
00:35:58.921 --> 00:36:02.200
all new buildings are required
to be bird- friendly. This makes

ed45f728-3ab4-4509-be65-1a82f6ea7c45-4
00:36:02.200 --> 00:36:05.376
conservation sense and financial
sense because it's more cost

ed45f728-3ab4-4509-be65-1a82f6ea7c45-5
00:36:05.376 --> 00:36:08.655
effective to build it right than
to create a problem that needs

ed45f728-3ab4-4509-be65-1a82f6ea7c45-6
00:36:08.655 --> 00:36:11.626
fixing later. And it's a
relatively simple step for those

ed45f728-3ab4-4509-be65-1a82f6ea7c45-7
00:36:11.626 --> 00:36:14.289
in charge of building
construction to do that work.

270c6b60-a67b-48b4-85d9-628cc315f13d-0
00:36:16.750 --> 00:36:19.797
This is a screenshot of an
ArcGIS survey that one of our

270c6b60-a67b-48b4-85d9-628cc315f13d-1
00:36:19.797 --> 00:36:22.899
colleagues in the Fish and
Wildlife Service built Kirsten

270c6b60-a67b-48b4-85d9-628cc315f13d-2
00:36:22.899 --> 00:36:26.161
Luke. It allows anyone in the
Service to locate their office

270c6b60-a67b-48b4-85d9-628cc315f13d-3
00:36:26.161 --> 00:36:29.369
building, answer a few simple
questions about it, like what

270c6b60-a67b-48b4-85d9-628cc315f13d-4
00:36:29.369 --> 00:36:32.310
proportion of the building is
glass and whether it has

270c6b60-a67b-48b4-85d9-628cc315f13d-5
00:36:32.310 --> 00:36:35.679
external markers on the window
already. And then it calculates

270c6b60-a67b-48b4-85d9-628cc315f13d-6
00:36:35.679 --> 00:36:38.834
a risk score for each building,
and we're using those risk

270c6b60-a67b-48b4-85d9-628cc315f13d-7
00:36:38.834 --> 00:36:41.936
scores to identify priorities
for retrofitting. We're not

270c6b60-a67b-48b4-85d9-628cc315f13d-8
00:36:41.936 --> 00:36:45.197
making decisions based entirely
on the score alone, but it's

270c6b60-a67b-48b4-85d9-628cc315f13d-9
00:36:45.197 --> 00:36:45.999
helpful context

00c367e2-35fa-4228-80f8-77624ebd8976-0
00:36:46.120 --> 00:36:49.940
when we've got over 4000
buildings to be thinking about.

12e05629-d87b-414e-b9ff-9ff1c5d37bf9-0
00:36:51.840 --> 00:36:55.297
And we've surveyed now over 2000
buildings in the past year. I

12e05629-d87b-414e-b9ff-9ff1c5d37bf9-1
00:36:55.297 --> 00:36:58.809
expect we're going to be able to
survey all of our buildings in

12e05629-d87b-414e-b9ff-9ff1c5d37bf9-2
00:36:58.809 --> 00:37:02.156
the coming years. And we're
using baseline asset data layers

12e05629-d87b-414e-b9ff-9ff1c5d37bf9-3
00:37:02.156 --> 00:37:05.668
that our facilities people have
in hand already and we're using

12e05629-d87b-414e-b9ff-9ff1c5d37bf9-4
00:37:05.668 --> 00:37:09.235
our leased building information
as well. So we have locations of

12e05629-d87b-414e-b9ff-9ff1c5d37bf9-5
00:37:09.235 --> 00:37:12.473
all of our leased and owned
buildings. We filtered out the

12e05629-d87b-414e-b9ff-9ff1c5d37bf9-6
00:37:12.473 --> 00:37:15.930
ones that don't probably don't
have windows and we're focusing

12e05629-d87b-414e-b9ff-9ff1c5d37bf9-7
00:37:15.930 --> 00:37:18.509
on the ones that have windows
for this survey.

3828203e-6d61-443e-ba87-267c018611ee-0
00:37:20.550 --> 00:37:23.195
Each of you can be making a
difference at home and work. I

3828203e-6d61-443e-ba87-267c018611ee-1
00:37:23.195 --> 00:37:25.930
just wanted to share some of the
kind of pathways that we're

3828203e-6d61-443e-ba87-267c018611ee-2
00:37:25.930 --> 00:37:28.755
making that difference in Fish
and Wildlife service. We've got

3828203e-6d61-443e-ba87-267c018611ee-3
00:37:28.755 --> 00:37:31.446
a team of volunteers working
across regions and programs to

3828203e-6d61-443e-ba87-267c018611ee-4
00:37:31.446 --> 00:37:33.912
look at each building and see
how we can address those

3828203e-6d61-443e-ba87-267c018611ee-5
00:37:33.912 --> 00:37:36.109
collision risks and our owned
and leased spaces.

69867259-cf74-459f-bdf8-38d7195373d0-0
00:37:36.960 --> 00:37:40.207
It's a little different pathway
for each of those, for our own

69867259-cf74-459f-bdf8-38d7195373d0-1
00:37:40.207 --> 00:37:42.887
buildings, our national and
regional infrastructure

69867259-cf74-459f-bdf8-38d7195373d0-2
00:37:42.887 --> 00:37:45.825
management division, our
responsible for those buildings

69867259-cf74-459f-bdf8-38d7195373d0-3
00:37:45.825 --> 00:37:48.764
and they've been really
important partners in this work.

69867259-cf74-459f-bdf8-38d7195373d0-4
00:37:48.764 --> 00:37:51.960
We work closely with them to
consider retrofitting and design

69867259-cf74-459f-bdf8-38d7195373d0-5
00:37:51.960 --> 00:37:55.104
options and they've taken on
this work and in some cases are

69867259-cf74-459f-bdf8-38d7195373d0-6
00:37:55.104 --> 00:37:58.145
really leading retrofitting
efforts in regions. Often what

69867259-cf74-459f-bdf8-38d7195373d0-7
00:37:58.145 --> 00:38:01.083
it takes is a staff member, a
project leader or regional

69867259-cf74-459f-bdf8-38d7195373d0-8
00:38:01.083 --> 00:38:04.382
director deciding that they want
to take that action and asking

69867259-cf74-459f-bdf8-38d7195373d0-9
00:38:04.382 --> 00:38:06.960
the right folks to work with
them. I also want to

15e73409-d64d-414f-9502-f57a7f573676-0
00:38:07.180 --> 00:38:10.526
talk a little bit about the
funding point that Scott brought

15e73409-d64d-414f-9502-f57a7f573676-1
00:38:10.526 --> 00:38:13.818
up. We didn't get any special
funding for this work. We are

15e73409-d64d-414f-9502-f57a7f573676-2
00:38:13.818 --> 00:38:16.781
using our staff that are
offering their discretionary

15e73409-d64d-414f-9502-f57a7f573676-3
00:38:16.781 --> 00:38:20.182
time to get the work done and
we've been finding a variety of

15e73409-d64d-414f-9502-f57a7f573676-4
00:38:20.182 --> 00:38:23.529
sources of funding to pay for
the work. The cost is not huge

15e73409-d64d-414f-9502-f57a7f573676-5
00:38:23.529 --> 00:38:26.711
and we found that once we
identify the problem, put it in

15e73409-d64d-414f-9502-f57a7f573676-6
00:38:26.711 --> 00:38:30.058
the context of the loss of the
Three Billion Birds and offer

15e73409-d64d-414f-9502-f57a7f573676-7
00:38:30.058 --> 00:38:33.350
known solutions and and show
some persistence, we've always

15e73409-d64d-414f-9502-f57a7f573676-8
00:38:33.350 --> 00:38:36.861
been able to find enough change
under the couch cushions to get

15e73409-d64d-414f-9502-f57a7f573676-9
00:38:36.861 --> 00:38:37.630
the work done.

b3cdcce1-4f56-446c-b3e6-59abf8a5dcf6-0
00:38:37.860 --> 00:38:41.326
And some examples of the funding
sources that we've used in the

b3cdcce1-4f56-446c-b3e6-59abf8a5dcf6-1
00:38:41.326 --> 00:38:44.360
Fish and Wildlife Service are
refuge maintenance funds,

b3cdcce1-4f56-446c-b3e6-59abf8a5dcf6-2
00:38:44.360 --> 00:38:47.285
migratory birds, just our
program conservation funds,

b3cdcce1-4f56-446c-b3e6-59abf8a5dcf6-3
00:38:47.285 --> 00:38:50.806
shared expenditures where all of
our Service programs contribute

b3cdcce1-4f56-446c-b3e6-59abf8a5dcf6-4
00:38:50.806 --> 00:38:53.678
proportionally, our friends
groups that are refuge's

b3cdcce1-4f56-446c-b3e6-59abf8a5dcf6-5
00:38:53.678 --> 00:38:56.603
partners that have shared
interests, local refuge and

b3cdcce1-4f56-446c-b3e6-59abf8a5dcf6-6
00:38:56.603 --> 00:38:59.745
ecological service operation
budgets, partnering with our

b3cdcce1-4f56-446c-b3e6-59abf8a5dcf6-7
00:38:59.745 --> 00:39:02.941
landlord to cover the cost of
the work and then partnering

b3cdcce1-4f56-446c-b3e6-59abf8a5dcf6-8
00:39:02.941 --> 00:39:05.650
with other agencies that we
share buildings with.

f3ca4662-a106-407c-ae4d-4f4e8d269b48-0
00:39:07.980 --> 00:39:11.294
In the Northeast region, we work
with our landlord to retrofit

f3ca4662-a106-407c-ae4d-4f4e8d269b48-1
00:39:11.294 --> 00:39:14.556
our regional office. It's a GSA
lease building and we knew it

f3ca4662-a106-407c-ae4d-4f4e8d269b48-2
00:39:14.556 --> 00:39:17.976
was killing at least 29 species
of birds, almost entirely native

f3ca4662-a106-407c-ae4d-4f4e8d269b48-3
00:39:17.976 --> 00:39:21.186
migratory birds, consistent with
the data that Scott shared,

f3ca4662-a106-407c-ae4d-4f4e8d269b48-4
00:39:21.186 --> 00:39:24.027
including species like
Black-billed and Yellow-billed

f3ca4662-a106-407c-ae4d-4f4e8d269b48-5
00:39:24.027 --> 00:39:27.079
Cuckoos and Lincoln Sparrows,
which you don't even really

f3ca4662-a106-407c-ae4d-4f4e8d269b48-6
00:39:27.079 --> 00:39:30.183
often see around us. And we
negotiated for the landlord to

f3ca4662-a106-407c-ae4d-4f4e8d269b48-7
00:39:30.183 --> 00:39:32.814
pay for the materials and the
Service maintenance

f3ca4662-a106-407c-ae4d-4f4e8d269b48-8
00:39:32.814 --> 00:39:35.918
professionals installed the
product and that resulted in a

f3ca4662-a106-407c-ae4d-4f4e8d269b48-9
00:39:35.918 --> 00:39:37.550
lease cost way to do this work.

3b239714-4028-4e3f-b2df-b7087c7ee994-0
00:39:37.630 --> 00:39:40.865
And to do it in a way that met
the landlords aesthetic, we

3b239714-4028-4e3f-b2df-b7087c7ee994-1
00:39:40.865 --> 00:39:44.265
looked at some less expensive
options, but really they wanted

3b239714-4028-4e3f-b2df-b7087c7ee994-2
00:39:44.265 --> 00:39:47.884
a kind of low visual impact. And
so this worked well for them and

3b239714-4028-4e3f-b2df-b7087c7ee994-3
00:39:47.884 --> 00:39:51.120
is effective. The retrofits are
all on the exterior of the

3b239714-4028-4e3f-b2df-b7087c7ee994-4
00:39:51.120 --> 00:39:54.300
windows. The design is that
space no more than two inches

3b239714-4028-4e3f-b2df-b7087c7ee994-5
00:39:54.300 --> 00:39:56.330
apart and and then in addition
to us

4910ffa6-8311-4d60-b191-325018db21d4-0
00:39:57.520 --> 00:40:01.426
our Northeast Regional Office is
reimbursing stations for

4910ffa6-8311-4d60-b191-325018db21d4-1
00:40:01.426 --> 00:40:05.736
materials at each building that
they're retrofitting. And we've

4910ffa6-8311-4d60-b191-325018db21d4-2
00:40:05.736 --> 00:40:09.710
now trained all of our staff,
all of our maintenance staff

4910ffa6-8311-4d60-b191-325018db21d4-3
00:40:09.710 --> 00:40:13.953
across the region to install the
product. So we're making some

4910ffa6-8311-4d60-b191-325018db21d4-4
00:40:13.953 --> 00:40:17.994
quick progress and I'll just
flip through a quick couple of

4910ffa6-8311-4d60-b191-325018db21d4-5
00:40:17.994 --> 00:40:22.237
photos here, some examples where
we've done the dots., Acopian

4910ffa6-8311-4d60-b191-325018db21d4-6
00:40:22.237 --> 00:40:26.076
cords, more dots, custom
CollidEscape type film, decals,

4910ffa6-8311-4d60-b191-325018db21d4-7
00:40:26.076 --> 00:40:28.770
but they're spaced very close
together.

c95c3745-b900-4896-8155-3afca38e2478-0
00:40:28.860 --> 00:40:32.500
Um, uh, trying to meet that 2/2
inch requirement. And then in

c95c3745-b900-4896-8155-3afca38e2478-1
00:40:32.500 --> 00:40:36.318
the Midwest region, they've done
similar work, again, you've got

c95c3745-b900-4896-8155-3afca38e2478-2
00:40:36.318 --> 00:40:40.076
some custom film and Migratory
Birds Program here is partnering

c95c3745-b900-4896-8155-3afca38e2478-3
00:40:40.076 --> 00:40:43.541
with refuges and doing cost
share to complete this work at

c95c3745-b900-4896-8155-3afca38e2478-4
00:40:43.541 --> 00:40:47.064
several sites each year. Here
they've got the dots. You can

c95c3745-b900-4896-8155-3afca38e2478-5
00:40:47.064 --> 00:40:50.060
see low visual impact and here
as well, more dots.

2ce6e938-0d2f-479b-aa8c-129f2ca07b6b-0
00:40:51.500 --> 00:40:54.186
And I'm going to pass it over to
Joelle now to share about some

2ce6e938-0d2f-479b-aa8c-129f2ca07b6b-1
00:40:54.186 --> 00:40:55.950
of the partnership work that
we're doing.

dc976082-6ba8-43e2-91d3-074dc74b0239-0
00:40:56.950 --> 00:41:00.781
Thank you, Pam. Yes, this you
provided some great examples and

dc976082-6ba8-43e2-91d3-074dc74b0239-1
00:41:00.781 --> 00:41:04.553
case studies of the partnerships
that I'm going to talk about

dc976082-6ba8-43e2-91d3-074dc74b0239-2
00:41:04.553 --> 00:41:08.202
more now. So one of the big
things that we wanted to do was

dc976082-6ba8-43e2-91d3-074dc74b0239-3
00:41:08.202 --> 00:41:11.791
to tell our story at the Fish
and Wildlife Service and you

dc976082-6ba8-43e2-91d3-074dc74b0239-4
00:41:11.791 --> 00:41:15.440
know how are we accomplishing
this and to therefore inspire

dc976082-6ba8-43e2-91d3-074dc74b0239-5
00:41:15.440 --> 00:41:18.786
people and build upon the
momentum that we have in the

dc976082-6ba8-43e2-91d3-074dc74b0239-6
00:41:18.786 --> 00:41:22.557
Fish and Wildlife Service. So
our first bullet there is about

dc976082-6ba8-43e2-91d3-074dc74b0239-7
00:41:22.557 --> 00:41:25.963
telling our story including
other stories with the Bird

dc976082-6ba8-43e2-91d3-074dc74b0239-8
00:41:25.963 --> 00:41:27.180
Banding Lab at USGS.

2b2c0e4b-f519-4b18-b5b5-3b2b4ff243e4-0
00:41:27.390 --> 00:41:31.144
This is a screenshot here
includes the title of an initial

2b2c0e4b-f519-4b18-b5b5-3b2b4ff243e4-1
00:41:31.144 --> 00:41:35.025
article that was drafted by USGS
about a 9-year-old Cape May

2b2c0e4b-f519-4b18-b5b5-3b2b4ff243e4-2
00:41:35.025 --> 00:41:38.843
Warbler in Pennsylvania that
collided with glass and it was

2b2c0e4b-f519-4b18-b5b5-3b2b4ff243e4-3
00:41:38.843 --> 00:41:42.597
allowed us to perform a nexus
between our two agencies and

2b2c0e4b-f519-4b18-b5b5-3b2b4ff243e4-4
00:41:42.597 --> 00:41:46.351
really tell the story of an
individual bird. What had that

2b2c0e4b-f519-4b18-b5b5-3b2b4ff243e4-5
00:41:46.351 --> 00:41:50.297
bird gone through? What, what,
what, what, what it could have

2b2c0e4b-f519-4b18-b5b5-3b2b4ff243e4-6
00:41:50.297 --> 00:41:54.369
done if it had not collided with
glass. And that I think allows

2b2c0e4b-f519-4b18-b5b5-3b2b4ff243e4-7
00:41:54.369 --> 00:41:57.359
people to really connect with
this issue in a 

341e3c8b-398d-4adc-9454-bd88ec10ee8a-0
00:41:57.440 --> 00:42:01.678
way that maybe more stand stand
back articles might and not be

341e3c8b-398d-4adc-9454-bd88ec10ee8a-1
00:42:01.678 --> 00:42:05.917
able to. So that that's one of
the things that we're trying to

341e3c8b-398d-4adc-9454-bd88ec10ee8a-2
00:42:05.917 --> 00:42:10.089
do is really tell the story and
how this connects with people

341e3c8b-398d-4adc-9454-bd88ec10ee8a-3
00:42:10.089 --> 00:42:13.790
and individual birds and with a
diversity of agencies.

7e6c4b4c-4d47-4a60-88a6-aaa1ac1b67bf-0
00:42:14.660 --> 00:42:18.373
The next bullet there is about
the Council for the Conservation

7e6c4b4c-4d47-4a60-88a6-aaa1ac1b67bf-1
00:42:18.373 --> 00:42:21.913
of Migratory Birds. I just put
Council on there. It's a long

7e6c4b4c-4d47-4a60-88a6-aaa1ac1b67bf-2
00:42:21.913 --> 00:42:25.569
title, but we're the Council for
the Conservation of Migratory

7e6c4b4c-4d47-4a60-88a6-aaa1ac1b67bf-3
00:42:25.569 --> 00:42:29.167
Birds and we were formed as a
result of Executive Order 13186

7e6c4b4c-4d47-4a60-88a6-aaa1ac1b67bf-4
00:42:29.167 --> 00:42:32.649
that asks federal agencies to
consider bird conservation in

7e6c4b4c-4d47-4a60-88a6-aaa1ac1b67bf-5
00:42:32.649 --> 00:42:36.189
their actions. We have some
great examples of things we were

7e6c4b4c-4d47-4a60-88a6-aaa1ac1b67bf-6
00:42:36.189 --> 00:42:39.555
doing within the Council, such
as our Three Billion Birds

7e6c4b4c-4d47-4a60-88a6-aaa1ac1b67bf-7
00:42:39.555 --> 00:42:43.211
action plan. Three Billion Birds
is referencing the paper that

7e6c4b4c-4d47-4a60-88a6-aaa1ac1b67bf-8
00:42:43.211 --> 00:42:44.429
Scott Loss mentioned.

33d45c3a-c777-4ac7-9825-f782366859f5-0
00:42:44.620 --> 00:42:47.997
regarding the loss of 3 billion
birds in the last 50 years. So

33d45c3a-c777-4ac7-9825-f782366859f5-1
00:42:47.997 --> 00:42:51.374
our Council developed an action
plan and response to that, and

33d45c3a-c777-4ac7-9825-f782366859f5-2
00:42:51.374 --> 00:42:54.537
one of the highlights of that
action plan is our work with

33d45c3a-c777-4ac7-9825-f782366859f5-3
00:42:54.537 --> 00:42:57.808
glass and towers and reducing
bird collisions with glass and

33d45c3a-c777-4ac7-9825-f782366859f5-4
00:42:57.808 --> 00:43:01.132
communications towers. Part of
that action plan also includes

33d45c3a-c777-4ac7-9825-f782366859f5-5
00:43:01.132 --> 00:43:04.348
trainings, which we've done on
the topic of bird collisions

33d45c3a-c777-4ac7-9825-f782366859f5-6
00:43:04.348 --> 00:43:07.458
with glass as well as bird
collisions with communications

33d45c3a-c777-4ac7-9825-f782366859f5-7
00:43:07.458 --> 00:43:10.406
towers and how individual
agencies can work to prevent

33d45c3a-c777-4ac7-9825-f782366859f5-8
00:43:10.406 --> 00:43:12.979
those collisions and minimize
those collisions.

9f490130-cfca-4163-9ca3-b5c9d1b69846-0
00:43:13.780 --> 00:43:17.864
We also did it a federal agency
wide effort to dim the lights

9f490130-cfca-4163-9ca3-b5c9d1b69846-1
00:43:17.864 --> 00:43:21.685
for birds at night. We're
continuing those efforts and we

9f490130-cfca-4163-9ca3-b5c9d1b69846-2
00:43:21.685 --> 00:43:25.440
hope to build resources so that
agencies can adopt that,

f9160ceb-a1a8-4af4-961d-dde21f9876e4-0
00:43:26.520 --> 00:43:30.463
that tradition of dimming our
lights for birds at night during

f9160ceb-a1a8-4af4-961d-dde21f9876e4-1
00:43:30.463 --> 00:43:31.090
migration.

fb89d275-2b91-47b7-a249-1040b0e499d1-0
00:43:31.770 --> 00:43:35.484
And so we're really doing a lot.
National Park Service is

fb89d275-2b91-47b7-a249-1040b0e499d1-1
00:43:35.484 --> 00:43:39.199
engaging in this issue pretty
deeply and their efforts to

fb89d275-2b91-47b7-a249-1040b0e499d1-2
00:43:39.199 --> 00:43:43.362
model with the Fish and Wildlife
Service has done and with their

fb89d275-2b91-47b7-a249-1040b0e499d1-3
00:43:43.362 --> 00:43:47.205
own addition of incorporating
the American Bird Conservancy

fb89d275-2b91-47b7-a249-1040b0e499d1-4
00:43:47.205 --> 00:43:51.048
into their work. US Forest
Service is also treating many of

fb89d275-2b91-47b7-a249-1040b0e499d1-5
00:43:51.048 --> 00:43:54.826
their buildings and making
progress. NREL has also treated

fb89d275-2b91-47b7-a249-1040b0e499d1-6
00:43:54.826 --> 00:43:58.285
a lot of their glass and is
working with the Fish and

fb89d275-2b91-47b7-a249-1040b0e499d1-7
00:43:58.285 --> 00:44:02.000
Wildlife Service on a white
paper talking about the nexus

e4d49741-b8d4-4ba2-b02e-2bc132b326ba-0
00:44:02.090 --> 00:44:05.783
between energy conservation and
reducing bird collisions. And

e4d49741-b8d4-4ba2-b02e-2bc132b326ba-1
00:44:05.783 --> 00:44:09.416
the US Coast Guard is a fairly
recent addition is working to

e4d49741-b8d4-4ba2-b02e-2bc132b326ba-2
00:44:09.416 --> 00:44:12.811
reduce the tower lighting on
their communications towers

e4d49741-b8d4-4ba2-b02e-2bc132b326ba-3
00:44:12.811 --> 00:44:16.266
which they have a fairly decent
network of to reduce bird

e4d49741-b8d4-4ba2-b02e-2bc132b326ba-4
00:44:16.266 --> 00:44:20.138
collisions. For those of you not
familiar with that work we just

e4d49741-b8d4-4ba2-b02e-2bc132b326ba-5
00:44:20.138 --> 00:44:23.950
alluded to it a couple of times
but contact me if you want more

e4d49741-b8d4-4ba2-b02e-2bc132b326ba-6
00:44:23.950 --> 00:44:27.643
info. I've been working on this
issue for many years and near

e4d49741-b8d4-4ba2-b02e-2bc132b326ba-7
00:44:27.643 --> 00:44:30.919
and dear to my heart but we are
able to extinguish the

e4d49741-b8d4-4ba2-b02e-2bc132b326ba-8
00:44:30.919 --> 00:44:32.230
non-flashing lights on

094b01cc-bfa6-4de5-9268-39c6f0494d63-0
00:44:32.300 --> 00:44:36.092
communications towers, so those
lights that do not flash. When

094b01cc-bfa6-4de5-9268-39c6f0494d63-1
00:44:36.092 --> 00:44:39.643
we can extinguish those or
reprogram them to flash, we can

094b01cc-bfa6-4de5-9268-39c6f0494d63-2
00:44:39.643 --> 00:44:43.375
reduce bird collisions by as
much as 70%. And that's an issue

094b01cc-bfa6-4de5-9268-39c6f0494d63-3
00:44:43.375 --> 00:44:46.987
that communications towers are
involved in almost 7,000,000

094b01cc-bfa6-4de5-9268-39c6f0494d63-4
00:44:46.987 --> 00:44:50.538
bird collisions a year in the
United States and Canada. So

094b01cc-bfa6-4de5-9268-39c6f0494d63-5
00:44:50.538 --> 00:44:54.330
that's another place that we're
working on the collision issue

094b01cc-bfa6-4de5-9268-39c6f0494d63-6
00:44:54.330 --> 00:44:58.182
and reducing those fatalities to
birds. The Trilateral that's a

094b01cc-bfa6-4de5-9268-39c6f0494d63-7
00:44:58.182 --> 00:45:01.854
combination of efforts between
the United States, Canada and

094b01cc-bfa6-4de5-9268-39c6f0494d63-8
00:45:01.854 --> 00:45:03.540
Mexico and we are working to

e109f84d-930b-4c18-86fd-8f6a12e5bb74-0
00:45:04.090 --> 00:45:07.953
assess the situation across our
borders. These birds belong to

e109f84d-930b-4c18-86fd-8f6a12e5bb74-1
00:45:07.953 --> 00:45:11.817
all of us and are a part of all
of our ecosystems, and we want

e109f84d-930b-4c18-86fd-8f6a12e5bb74-2
00:45:11.817 --> 00:45:15.864
all of us to be protecting them.
So we are working on translating

e109f84d-930b-4c18-86fd-8f6a12e5bb74-3
00:45:15.864 --> 00:45:19.237
materials, assessing the tower
systems in all of those

e109f84d-930b-4c18-86fd-8f6a12e5bb74-4
00:45:19.237 --> 00:45:22.733
countries, both, all three
countries, and really kind of

e109f84d-930b-4c18-86fd-8f6a12e5bb74-5
00:45:22.733 --> 00:45:26.535
meeting countries where they are
at, and what do they need to

e109f84d-930b-4c18-86fd-8f6a12e5bb74-6
00:45:26.535 --> 00:45:30.399
take action and make progress on
reducing bird collisions with

e109f84d-930b-4c18-86fd-8f6a12e5bb74-7
00:45:30.399 --> 00:45:34.139
glass and communications towers.
Our Atlantic Flyway Council

1385a8f9-7318-48b9-b88a-09ae71450eb9-0
00:45:34.220 --> 00:45:38.126
has uh recently decided to hire
a Conservation Delivery

1385a8f9-7318-48b9-b88a-09ae71450eb9-1
00:45:38.126 --> 00:45:42.520
Specialist which will focus on
reducing collisions within that

1385a8f9-7318-48b9-b88a-09ae71450eb9-2
00:45:42.520 --> 00:45:46.566
flyway. So we have a further
momentum within our Atlantic

1385a8f9-7318-48b9-b88a-09ae71450eb9-3
00:45:46.566 --> 00:45:50.960
Flyway Council and of course we
mentioned the tower issue, we,

1385a8f9-7318-48b9-b88a-09ae71450eb9-4
00:45:50.960 --> 00:45:55.146
we as Fish and Wildlife Service
we've developed an industry

1385a8f9-7318-48b9-b88a-09ae71450eb9-5
00:45:55.146 --> 00:45:59.540
friendly video that really tries
to engage the industry in the

1385a8f9-7318-48b9-b88a-09ae71450eb9-6
00:45:59.540 --> 00:46:03.725
money that they can save by
extinguishing their side marker

1385a8f9-7318-48b9-b88a-09ae71450eb9-7
00:46:03.725 --> 00:46:05.330
lights that don't flash

9f520598-fb85-4daa-bf55-ae2d58c780fc-0
00:46:05.470 --> 00:46:08.525
and furthering that bird
conservation that way. We're

9f520598-fb85-4daa-bf55-ae2d58c780fc-1
00:46:08.525 --> 00:46:11.750
really working to mainstream
this, these topics and show

9f520598-fb85-4daa-bf55-ae2d58c780fc-2
00:46:11.750 --> 00:46:15.370
people the benefits of reducing
bird collisions with both glass

9f520598-fb85-4daa-bf55-ae2d58c780fc-3
00:46:15.370 --> 00:46:18.030
and communications towers. Next
slide, please.

2f1eccf3-5080-4829-8037-ded26ecdaba2-0
00:46:19.250 --> 00:46:23.040
I mentioned storytelling and
really inspiring people to act.

2f1eccf3-5080-4829-8037-ded26ecdaba2-1
00:46:23.040 --> 00:46:26.706
I'm a I'm a trained biologist,
and I'm really learning the

2f1eccf3-5080-4829-8037-ded26ecdaba2-2
00:46:26.706 --> 00:46:30.434
importance of sharing these
stories and creating a societal

2f1eccf3-5080-4829-8037-ded26ecdaba2-3
00:46:30.434 --> 00:46:34.225
change. We can, we can talk
science all we want, but we also

2f1eccf3-5080-4829-8037-ded26ecdaba2-4
00:46:34.225 --> 00:46:38.077
know that our culture is not
always listening to science. And

2f1eccf3-5080-4829-8037-ded26ecdaba2-5
00:46:38.077 --> 00:46:41.992
so really speaking to people and
meeting them where they're at

2f1eccf3-5080-4829-8037-ded26ecdaba2-6
00:46:41.992 --> 00:46:46.031
can be incredibly beneficial and
learning that more and more all

2f1eccf3-5080-4829-8037-ded26ecdaba2-7
00:46:46.031 --> 00:46:49.387
the time. So, we put out a
series of articles on this

2f1eccf3-5080-4829-8037-ded26ecdaba2-8
00:46:49.387 --> 00:46:49.760
topic,

33f1c2e3-fde6-4963-baf2-7e375ec01c2e-0
00:46:50.240 --> 00:46:53.474
all in a storytelling way, the
best that we can. We're

33f1c2e3-fde6-4963-baf2-7e375ec01c2e-1
00:46:53.474 --> 00:46:57.121
encouraging people to share on
social media as well and build

33f1c2e3-fde6-4963-baf2-7e375ec01c2e-2
00:46:57.121 --> 00:47:00.649
that community very quickly
because we are probably running

33f1c2e3-fde6-4963-baf2-7e375ec01c2e-3
00:47:00.649 --> 00:47:04.296
a little short on time. A couple
weeks ago I treated my mom's

33f1c2e3-fde6-4963-baf2-7e375ec01c2e-4
00:47:04.296 --> 00:47:08.178
glass on her window and I wanted
to follow through with what I've

33f1c2e3-fde6-4963-baf2-7e375ec01c2e-5
00:47:08.178 --> 00:47:12.000
been preaching, and so I shared
it on my social media page about

33f1c2e3-fde6-4963-baf2-7e375ec01c2e-6
00:47:12.000 --> 00:47:15.706
her window, the numbers of birds
she was killing, and how this

33f1c2e3-fde6-4963-baf2-7e375ec01c2e-7
00:47:15.706 --> 00:47:19.058
will resolve the problem. It was
shared widely on 7 or 8

33f1c2e3-fde6-4963-baf2-7e375ec01c2e-8
00:47:19.058 --> 00:47:20.470
different Facebook pages

345c6020-55f6-405b-bcec-b64581de6d4d-0
00:47:20.650 --> 00:47:24.649
Of, you know, Feather Friendly,
etc, etc. And people are really

345c6020-55f6-405b-bcec-b64581de6d4d-1
00:47:24.649 --> 00:47:28.148
viewing this as a community
cultural change, which is I

345c6020-55f6-405b-bcec-b64581de6d4d-2
00:47:28.148 --> 00:47:31.835
think where we need to get, at
the point we need to get to

345c6020-55f6-405b-bcec-b64581de6d4d-3
00:47:31.835 --> 00:47:35.397
empowering people to make to
change the status quo. Next

345c6020-55f6-405b-bcec-b64581de6d4d-4
00:47:35.397 --> 00:47:36.210
slide please.

38bddb2a-2685-4f2a-8de7-63f5f6e23e7c-0
00:47:37.910 --> 00:47:41.911
I want to throw up a couple more
examples that Pam suggested or

38bddb2a-2685-4f2a-8de7-63f5f6e23e7c-1
00:47:41.911 --> 00:47:45.850
mentioned of similar to what we
have mentioned for our agency.

38bddb2a-2685-4f2a-8de7-63f5f6e23e7c-2
00:47:45.850 --> 00:47:49.663
Other agencies are taking steps
here. Zion National Park has

38bddb2a-2685-4f2a-8de7-63f5f6e23e7c-3
00:47:49.663 --> 00:47:53.352
treated glass with the 2x2 grid
of dots, NREL is the lower

38bddb2a-2685-4f2a-8de7-63f5f6e23e7c-4
00:47:53.352 --> 00:47:57.291
right-hand corner, an example of
their products also to reduce

38bddb2a-2685-4f2a-8de7-63f5f6e23e7c-5
00:47:57.291 --> 00:48:01.042
bird collisions. And then up in
the upper right-hand corner

38bddb2a-2685-4f2a-8de7-63f5f6e23e7c-6
00:48:01.042 --> 00:48:04.794
that's Everglades National Park.
These have all come from a

38bddb2a-2685-4f2a-8de7-63f5f6e23e7c-7
00:48:04.794 --> 00:48:07.669
diversity of funding sources all
the way from

2661e6f1-dab5-4f4b-b43c-a1d96d17c879-0
00:48:07.960 --> 00:48:11.934
you know their friends groups at
visitor centers, at national

2661e6f1-dab5-4f4b-b43c-a1d96d17c879-1
00:48:11.934 --> 00:48:15.332
parks, up to leadership of
allocating money to these

2661e6f1-dab5-4f4b-b43c-a1d96d17c879-2
00:48:15.332 --> 00:48:19.307
efforts. So we are finding ways
to do this within the federal

2661e6f1-dab5-4f4b-b43c-a1d96d17c879-3
00:48:19.307 --> 00:48:22.705
agencies from different
diversity of levels and in a

2661e6f1-dab5-4f4b-b43c-a1d96d17c879-4
00:48:22.705 --> 00:48:26.552
diversity of ways. People are
motivated to do this and it's

2661e6f1-dab5-4f4b-b43c-a1d96d17c879-5
00:48:26.552 --> 00:48:28.860
really exciting. Next slide
please.

d4f17e16-d2d4-4217-943d-4c224981fa03-0
00:48:31.430 --> 00:48:35.174
Uh, what can you do? What can
you do as an individual? And

d4f17e16-d2d4-4217-943d-4c224981fa03-1
00:48:35.174 --> 00:48:38.539
yes, we can do things as
individuals to address this

d4f17e16-d2d4-4217-943d-4c224981fa03-2
00:48:38.539 --> 00:48:42.664
topic. We all can. We can assess
and retrofit the buildings that

d4f17e16-d2d4-4217-943d-4c224981fa03-3
00:48:42.664 --> 00:48:46.473
we are working in. As Scott
mentioned, these collisions are

d4f17e16-d2d4-4217-943d-4c224981fa03-4
00:48:46.473 --> 00:48:50.408
occurring at buildings we are in
right now, our homes and our

d4f17e16-d2d4-4217-943d-4c224981fa03-5
00:48:50.408 --> 00:48:54.344
offices. Yes, sky right, tall
buildings are involved in a lot

d4f17e16-d2d4-4217-943d-4c224981fa03-6
00:48:54.344 --> 00:48:58.025
of collisions, but the vast
majority are occurring at the

d4f17e16-d2d4-4217-943d-4c224981fa03-7
00:48:58.025 --> 00:49:01.580
buildings that we are most
likely sitting in right now,

3bfe2e1c-cd9a-4331-9b58-fa186b2b125c-0
00:49:01.650 --> 00:49:04.500
low rises and homes. And we can
assess and retrofit our

3bfe2e1c-cd9a-4331-9b58-fa186b2b125c-1
00:49:04.500 --> 00:49:07.553
buildings with a diversity of
ways. Scott mentioned some of

3bfe2e1c-cd9a-4331-9b58-fa186b2b125c-2
00:49:07.553 --> 00:49:10.607
those ways is another example of
Acopian bird curtain at my

3bfe2e1c-cd9a-4331-9b58-fa186b2b125c-3
00:49:10.607 --> 00:49:13.660
house. I'm looking at Acopian
bird curtains right now and I

3bfe2e1c-cd9a-4331-9b58-fa186b2b125c-4
00:49:13.660 --> 00:49:16.663
have Feather fFiendly behind me
and so we can try a lot of

3bfe2e1c-cd9a-4331-9b58-fa186b2b125c-5
00:49:16.663 --> 00:49:19.615
different things. Some things
can be as simple as tempera

3bfe2e1c-cd9a-4331-9b58-fa186b2b125c-6
00:49:19.615 --> 00:49:19.870
paint

6e24eedd-4055-40b3-a939-c314b3f50ce4-0
00:49:20.890 --> 00:49:23.840
as long as it's in a 2x2 grid.
Your hawk silhouette is not

6e24eedd-4055-40b3-a939-c314b3f50ce4-1
00:49:23.840 --> 00:49:24.540
going to work.

d356119d-02da-4d20-904b-7bb318ae92ba-0
00:49:25.320 --> 00:49:28.259
So we can, umm, so I'm
encouraging USGS to look at

d356119d-02da-4d20-904b-7bb318ae92ba-1
00:49:28.259 --> 00:49:31.775
their USGS owned and leased
buildings. A lot of you guys are

d356119d-02da-4d20-904b-7bb318ae92ba-2
00:49:31.775 --> 00:49:35.290
on campuses as well. You have
really valuable Co-op units on

d356119d-02da-4d20-904b-7bb318ae92ba-3
00:49:35.290 --> 00:49:38.230
campuses. We are developing a
toolkit to work with

d356119d-02da-4d20-904b-7bb318ae92ba-4
00:49:38.230 --> 00:49:41.572
universities to reduce bird
collisions on campuses. We're

d356119d-02da-4d20-904b-7bb318ae92ba-5
00:49:41.572 --> 00:49:45.203
looking to Georgia and Scott for
their thoughts on that and we

d356119d-02da-4d20-904b-7bb318ae92ba-6
00:49:45.203 --> 00:49:48.834
are continuing to make progress
on it and provide resources to

d356119d-02da-4d20-904b-7bb318ae92ba-7
00:49:48.834 --> 00:49:52.408
those people interested. So I
encourage you to work with your

d356119d-02da-4d20-904b-7bb318ae92ba-8
00:49:52.408 --> 00:49:55.290
university to reduce bird
collisions on campuses.

ba258680-2068-476c-b739-d942c5a5ee4a-0
00:49:55.510 --> 00:49:59.117
Your homes. I mentioned homes.
Incredibly important right there

ba258680-2068-476c-b739-d942c5a5ee4a-1
00:49:59.117 --> 00:50:02.668
and we can all have some control
over that. I encourage you to

ba258680-2068-476c-b739-d942c5a5ee4a-2
00:50:02.668 --> 00:50:05.825
tell your story of your
retrofits to inspire our others

ba258680-2068-476c-b739-d942c5a5ee4a-3
00:50:05.825 --> 00:50:09.150
and install interpretive signs
where appropriate and where

ba258680-2068-476c-b739-d942c5a5ee4a-4
00:50:09.150 --> 00:50:12.138
beneficial. Continue
storytelling about these banded

ba258680-2068-476c-b739-d942c5a5ee4a-5
00:50:12.138 --> 00:50:14.956
birds that collide. USGS
provides a very valuable

ba258680-2068-476c-b739-d942c5a5ee4a-6
00:50:14.956 --> 00:50:18.113
resource in your Bird Banding
Lab as well as your other

ba258680-2068-476c-b739-d942c5a5ee4a-7
00:50:18.113 --> 00:50:21.777
resources and this is something
we really hope to really plan to

ba258680-2068-476c-b739-d942c5a5ee4a-8
00:50:21.777 --> 00:50:24.764
continue to work with and I
encourage you to support

ba258680-2068-476c-b739-d942c5a5ee4a-9
00:50:24.764 --> 00:50:25.610
research on the

111fb1fd-cc34-48f5-9bf1-e6131c71ca0d-0
00:50:25.680 --> 00:50:29.098
impacts of collisions and how to
prevent them. Both from the

111fb1fd-cc34-48f5-9bf1-e6131c71ca0d-1
00:50:29.098 --> 00:50:32.516
scientific aspect of Scott was
mentioning, talking about and

111fb1fd-cc34-48f5-9bf1-e6131c71ca0d-2
00:50:32.516 --> 00:50:35.878
then our social science aspect
which Georgia was working on

111fb1fd-cc34-48f5-9bf1-e6131c71ca0d-3
00:50:35.878 --> 00:50:39.240
with Scott. Our Evening Grobeak
example is is one of those.

80483ce4-906d-4ce4-a32e-bd9fca6ee5e7-0
00:50:40.340 --> 00:50:41.290
Next slide, please.

29bcb778-75c7-400f-a8db-d3c19e455e67-0
00:50:42.450 --> 00:50:46.351
So what can USGS do in a larger
scale beyond the individual, but

29bcb778-75c7-400f-a8db-d3c19e455e67-1
00:50:46.351 --> 00:50:50.072
actually as an agency. Well, at
the Fish and Wildlife Service

29bcb778-75c7-400f-a8db-d3c19e455e67-2
00:50:50.072 --> 00:50:53.793
we've made sure that all of our
construction based on bird on

29bcb778-75c7-400f-a8db-d3c19e455e67-3
00:50:53.793 --> 00:50:57.635
the Great American Outdoors Act
has been bird-friendly and bird

29bcb778-75c7-400f-a8db-d3c19e455e67-4
00:50:57.635 --> 00:51:01.476
safe. And that is one thing we
can do. Build going forward, our

29bcb778-75c7-400f-a8db-d3c19e455e67-5
00:51:01.476 --> 00:51:05.197
construction will be bird safe.
We're also, as Pam mentioned,

29bcb778-75c7-400f-a8db-d3c19e455e67-6
00:51:05.197 --> 00:51:08.978
combining energy conservation
with collision film, a collision

29bcb778-75c7-400f-a8db-d3c19e455e67-7
00:51:08.978 --> 00:51:12.340
reduction film. That's a nice
nexus there and as as Pam

e74c9cfe-44dc-4155-be3e-872db3ff2cc3-0
00:51:12.450 --> 00:51:15.800
really focused on was the the
idea of facilities management

e74c9cfe-44dc-4155-be3e-872db3ff2cc3-1
00:51:15.800 --> 00:51:19.486
and others and their maintenance
crews included in the process of

e74c9cfe-44dc-4155-be3e-872db3ff2cc3-2
00:51:19.486 --> 00:51:22.724
we're saving energy, our own
crews can do this and and we

e74c9cfe-44dc-4155-be3e-872db3ff2cc3-3
00:51:22.724 --> 00:51:26.131
know how to maintain them and
install and we're sharing that

e74c9cfe-44dc-4155-be3e-872db3ff2cc3-4
00:51:26.131 --> 00:51:29.370
information within our agency.
We're working from within.

40b070be-bdd0-48c4-8a8f-488f31de79d3-0
00:51:30.320 --> 00:51:33.396
And uh, second to last bullet,
there is establishing regional

40b070be-bdd0-48c4-8a8f-488f31de79d3-1
00:51:33.396 --> 00:51:36.373
points of contact to support
these, this retrofitting. This

40b070be-bdd0-48c4-8a8f-488f31de79d3-2
00:51:36.373 --> 00:51:39.449
we found to be very important,
in that we have in each of our

40b070be-bdd0-48c4-8a8f-488f31de79d3-3
00:51:39.449 --> 00:51:42.624
regions a point of contact that
someone can go to and say, hey,

40b070be-bdd0-48c4-8a8f-488f31de79d3-4
00:51:42.624 --> 00:51:45.701
I work at the National Wildlife
Refuge I'm seeing collisions,

40b070be-bdd0-48c4-8a8f-488f31de79d3-5
00:51:45.701 --> 00:51:48.678
what do I do? And those points
of contacts come to meetings

40b070be-bdd0-48c4-8a8f-488f31de79d3-6
00:51:48.678 --> 00:51:51.506
with us on a monthly basis,
learn what's current, what's

40b070be-bdd0-48c4-8a8f-488f31de79d3-7
00:51:51.506 --> 00:51:54.731
updated, what our resources are
available. So they are excellent

40b070be-bdd0-48c4-8a8f-488f31de79d3-8
00:51:54.731 --> 00:51:57.857
points of contact to keep this
momentum going and to build it.

40b070be-bdd0-48c4-8a8f-488f31de79d3-9
00:51:57.857 --> 00:52:00.784
And then I also encourage,
encourage USGS to join the Fish

40b070be-bdd0-48c4-8a8f-488f31de79d3-10
00:52:00.784 --> 00:52:01.380
and Wildlife

64a0525c-8e21-44bd-9b28-a8f1644be778-0
00:52:01.450 --> 00:52:03.310
Service and dim the lights for
birds at night.

ef34eced-0954-4c3a-b1a5-8c5fec154554-0
00:52:03.940 --> 00:52:07.895
Uh, it's a it's a easy thing to
do and it can be very beneficial

ef34eced-0954-4c3a-b1a5-8c5fec154554-1
00:52:07.895 --> 00:52:11.607
as the research is showing,
including Scotts. So in summary,

ef34eced-0954-4c3a-b1a5-8c5fec154554-2
00:52:11.607 --> 00:52:15.501
I just want to say we can all do
something about this issue. We

ef34eced-0954-4c3a-b1a5-8c5fec154554-3
00:52:15.501 --> 00:52:19.213
are all empowered in a world
where we don't, we can't always

ef34eced-0954-4c3a-b1a5-8c5fec154554-4
00:52:19.213 --> 00:52:23.107
control the conservation impacts
that we are seeing and hearing

ef34eced-0954-4c3a-b1a5-8c5fec154554-5
00:52:23.107 --> 00:52:26.454
about every day. This is
something that we can each do

ef34eced-0954-4c3a-b1a5-8c5fec154554-6
00:52:26.454 --> 00:52:29.862
something about. We have
resources to learn what we can

ef34eced-0954-4c3a-b1a5-8c5fec154554-7
00:52:29.862 --> 00:52:33.574
do and how to do it. We have
justification and the loss of 3

ef34eced-0954-4c3a-b1a5-8c5fec154554-8
00:52:33.574 --> 00:52:33.999
billion

96d88c71-2103-44b8-87e5-34be6cef5047-0
00:52:34.070 --> 00:52:37.279
birds and in our allocations,
and in our communities,

96d88c71-2103-44b8-87e5-34be6cef5047-1
00:52:37.279 --> 00:52:40.846
increasing the momentum here,
and we have the ability. So I

96d88c71-2103-44b8-87e5-34be6cef5047-2
00:52:40.846 --> 00:52:44.531
ask each of you today to commit
to something you can do as an

96d88c71-2103-44b8-87e5-34be6cef5047-3
00:52:44.531 --> 00:52:48.455
individual and something you can
encourage your agency to do from

96d88c71-2103-44b8-87e5-34be6cef5047-4
00:52:48.455 --> 00:52:51.962
within. This is something that
we can really make a lot of

96d88c71-2103-44b8-87e5-34be6cef5047-5
00:52:51.962 --> 00:52:55.350
progress on. We have science
resources, momentum and the

96d88c71-2103-44b8-87e5-34be6cef5047-6
00:52:55.350 --> 00:52:58.917
ability. So I just think I want
to close with that and next

96d88c71-2103-44b8-87e5-34be6cef5047-7
00:52:58.917 --> 00:52:59.690
slide please.

73bea2a3-d40d-4426-91d6-685cb21f8071-0
00:53:00.890 --> 00:53:04.246
These are the contacts the
e-mail contacts. And as Scott's

73bea2a3-d40d-4426-91d6-685cb21f8071-1
00:53:04.246 --> 00:53:07.829
face popped up I realized I left
Scott's e-mail address off of

73bea2a3-d40d-4426-91d6-685cb21f8071-2
00:53:07.829 --> 00:53:11.470
here. He is my friend, a former
University of Wisconsin Stevens

73bea2a3-d40d-4426-91d6-685cb21f8071-3
00:53:11.470 --> 00:53:14.826
Point Pointer. We went to
school, same place, and a cheese

73bea2a3-d40d-4426-91d6-685cb21f8071-4
00:53:14.826 --> 00:53:18.409
head and we I forgot to put his
e-mail address in here. So I'm

73bea2a3-d40d-4426-91d6-685cb21f8071-5
00:53:18.409 --> 00:53:21.993
sorry Scott. So please put your
e-mail address in the chat and

73bea2a3-d40d-4426-91d6-685cb21f8071-6
00:53:21.993 --> 00:53:23.700
it'll be highlighted that way.

3f5221dd-14ec-4e79-b748-df72eb7a6f19-0
00:53:25.060 --> 00:53:25.740
Thanks, Scott.

962dc608-ab55-48fe-bf7d-fcb049af580d-0
00:53:27.780 --> 00:53:33.098
Well, thank you, Scott, Pam and
Joelle for your presentations

962dc608-ab55-48fe-bf7d-fcb049af580d-1
00:53:33.098 --> 00:53:38.332
today. My colleague Stephanie
Egger wants to add a couple of

962dc608-ab55-48fe-bf7d-fcb049af580d-2
00:53:38.332 --> 00:53:43.479
points to note. So while she's
doing that for our audience,

962dc608-ab55-48fe-bf7d-fcb049af580d-3
00:53:43.479 --> 00:53:48.970
please feel free to put some of
your questions in the chat box.

bbe71945-f0f6-423b-b871-142af4f7b987-0
00:53:51.230 --> 00:53:57.008
OK. Thanks, Kirby. But as Joelle
and Pam mentioned, how important

bbe71945-f0f6-423b-b871-142af4f7b987-1
00:53:57.008 --> 00:54:02.525
the Bird Banding Lab database is
to assess bird collisions, we

bbe71945-f0f6-423b-b871-142af4f7b987-2
00:54:02.525 --> 00:54:08.041
have been working together over
the last several months to see

bbe71945-f0f6-423b-b871-142af4f7b987-3
00:54:08.041 --> 00:54:13.470
how the USGS BBL may contribute
to understanding collisions a

bbe71945-f0f6-423b-b871-142af4f7b987-4
00:54:13.470 --> 00:54:18.899
little bit better and what's
really pretty awesome, we have a

bbe71945-f0f6-423b-b871-142af4f7b987-5
00:54:18.899 --> 00:54:20.300
unique data set.

ce9d2a7c-6d3f-4ab4-8b37-de4e005446f1-0
00:54:21.140 --> 00:54:24.866
If you don't know, we were
established in 1920, so, uh, we

ce9d2a7c-6d3f-4ab4-8b37-de4e005446f1-1
00:54:24.866 --> 00:54:28.529
have a unique data set that
consists of randomly reported

ce9d2a7c-6d3f-4ab4-8b37-de4e005446f1-2
00:54:28.529 --> 00:54:32.570
banded bird collision encounters
across North America. And this

ce9d2a7c-6d3f-4ab4-8b37-de4e005446f1-3
00:54:32.570 --> 00:54:36.044
is not related to any type of
organized bird collision

ce9d2a7c-6d3f-4ab4-8b37-de4e005446f1-4
00:54:36.044 --> 00:54:39.770
collision research or monitoring
program. So it's strictly

ce9d2a7c-6d3f-4ab4-8b37-de4e005446f1-5
00:54:39.770 --> 00:54:42.991
random. And we can use this
encounter data to more

ce9d2a7c-6d3f-4ab4-8b37-de4e005446f1-6
00:54:42.991 --> 00:54:45.896
accurately examine bird
collisions by species

ce9d2a7c-6d3f-4ab4-8b37-de4e005446f1-7
00:54:45.896 --> 00:54:49.243
vulnerability migratory
connectivity because we know

ce9d2a7c-6d3f-4ab4-8b37-de4e005446f1-8
00:54:49.243 --> 00:54:51.770
where the bird was banded to
begin with

6d7a324d-9a2f-45e2-a2f9-740d1aa1c31a-0
00:54:51.840 --> 00:54:56.137
and where it ultimately met its
demise, so we can gain a lot of

6d7a324d-9a2f-45e2-a2f9-740d1aa1c31a-1
00:54:56.137 --> 00:55:00.300
information from that. Uh, we
can look at annual survival and

6d7a324d-9a2f-45e2-a2f9-740d1aa1c31a-2
00:55:00.300 --> 00:55:04.396
other variables for birds. And
ultimately, we hope to uh use

6d7a324d-9a2f-45e2-a2f9-740d1aa1c31a-3
00:55:04.396 --> 00:55:08.559
this data set to determine how
collisions are influencing the

6d7a324d-9a2f-45e2-a2f9-740d1aa1c31a-4
00:55:08.559 --> 00:55:10.440
decline of bird populations.

d89d5d31-616d-4d05-8322-2ef4d422b161-0
00:55:12.160 --> 00:55:16.110
So we're working on proposal
now. We're looking for funding

d89d5d31-616d-4d05-8322-2ef4d422b161-1
00:55:16.110 --> 00:55:19.468
and we're hoping that the
results gained from this

d89d5d31-616d-4d05-8322-2ef4d422b161-2
00:55:19.468 --> 00:55:23.287
analysis, uh, we can build
capacity with our partners for

d89d5d31-616d-4d05-8322-2ef4d422b161-3
00:55:23.287 --> 00:55:27.041
more sustainable conservation
and more standardized data

d89d5d31-616d-4d05-8322-2ef4d422b161-4
00:55:27.041 --> 00:55:30.860
collection and monitoring of
bird collisions across North

d89d5d31-616d-4d05-8322-2ef4d422b161-5
00:55:30.860 --> 00:55:34.876
America. And hopefully some
changes that we can do within uh

d89d5d31-616d-4d05-8322-2ef4d422b161-6
00:55:34.876 --> 00:55:39.222
for people that report on banded
bird collisions, we may add some

d89d5d31-616d-4d05-8322-2ef4d422b161-7
00:55:39.222 --> 00:55:42.120
new fields that will help us
gain some more

dfd30606-2226-4307-9689-f373880ceb6e-0
00:55:42.190 --> 00:55:45.954
information, uh from those
collisions. So I'm gonna turn it

dfd30606-2226-4307-9689-f373880ceb6e-1
00:55:45.954 --> 00:55:49.404
over to back to Kirby for
questions and I just want to

dfd30606-2226-4307-9689-f373880ceb6e-2
00:55:49.404 --> 00:55:52.541
thank Scott and and Pam and
Joelle for your great

dfd30606-2226-4307-9689-f373880ceb6e-3
00:55:52.541 --> 00:55:53.420
presentations.

ecae3ead-25d6-4908-8108-5294d1d30fce-0
00:55:54.240 --> 00:55:55.550
All right. Thank you, Stephanie.

a1ef6660-a17d-45a3-bd78-dadaced60e53-0
00:55:56.780 --> 00:56:00.736
So looking at the meeting chat
box, there have been a lot of

a1ef6660-a17d-45a3-bd78-dadaced60e53-1
00:56:00.736 --> 00:56:04.693
comments and conversations,
which are wonderful, but I'm not

a1ef6660-a17d-45a3-bd78-dadaced60e53-2
00:56:04.693 --> 00:56:08.780
seeing any specific questions
from our audience at this point.

a1ef6660-a17d-45a3-bd78-dadaced60e53-3
00:56:08.780 --> 00:56:11.310
But we'll give people a minute
or two.

2c94f641-26af-43d7-8fe0-4bc4fab2388e-0
00:56:12.260 --> 00:56:15.970
Before we adjourn to see if
there's anything.

fdb3ad2c-75b3-4c20-a257-cf39e424c488-0
00:56:17.540 --> 00:56:21.743
I can say that if anyone has
interest in in doing collision

fdb3ad2c-75b3-4c20-a257-cf39e424c488-1
00:56:21.743 --> 00:56:26.016
monitoring to identify problem
spots on on buildings you may

fdb3ad2c-75b3-4c20-a257-cf39e424c488-2
00:56:26.016 --> 00:56:30.499
live in or work in, we have many
examples of protocols from our

fdb3ad2c-75b3-4c20-a257-cf39e424c488-3
00:56:30.499 --> 00:56:34.983
research that would give you a
good start for a a science-based

fdb3ad2c-75b3-4c20-a257-cf39e424c488-4
00:56:34.983 --> 00:56:39.536
approach to doing that if you're
interested feel free to contact

fdb3ad2c-75b3-4c20-a257-cf39e424c488-5
00:56:39.536 --> 00:56:42.618
me. My e-mail address it's in
the chat box,

fdb3ad2c-75b3-4c20-a257-cf39e424c488-6
00:56:42.618 --> 00:56:44.230
Scott.Loss@okstate.edu.

f844ea62-5cc5-4f44-ae44-60f3c73e1163-0
00:56:46.250 --> 00:56:50.715
OK. Well, not seeing any other
questions that have come up, I

f844ea62-5cc5-4f44-ae44-60f3c73e1163-1
00:56:50.715 --> 00:56:54.892
think we can plan to adjourn for
today. I wanna thank our

f844ea62-5cc5-4f44-ae44-60f3c73e1163-2
00:56:54.892 --> 00:56:59.357
audience for attending. Thank
our presenters again. Thank you

f844ea62-5cc5-4f44-ae44-60f3c73e1163-3
00:56:59.357 --> 00:57:01.590
all. Hope you have a great day.

ba502be7-2d06-47a3-ae92-47833f3a491a-0
00:57:02.910 --> 00:57:03.420
Take care.

3019c478-26a2-4b71-804c-fe08cdbb0d18-0
00:57:04.530 --> 00:57:05.180
Thank you.

a34a18ba-6a39-43cc-9bc6-a792bd5e1b64-0
00:57:06.620 --> 00:57:07.300
Thanks everyone.